GB/T 11134-2025 Determination of Kauri-Butanol Value of Hydrocarbon Solvents

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1. Method number / full title / English name / replacement relationship

• Standard number: GB/T 11134—2025
• Chinese title: Determination of Kauri-Butanol Value of Hydrocarbon Solvents
• English title: Determination of kauri-butanol value of hydrocarbon solvents
• Replacement relationship: replaces GB/T 11134—1989 (this document was first published in 1989, and this is the first revision)
• Publication/implementation: published on 2025-10-05, implemented on 2026-05-01
• Responsible committee: National Technical Committee for Standardization of Petroleum Products and Lubricants (SAC/TC 280)
• Drafting organizations: Lanzhou Petrochemical Branch of PetroChina Company Limited, Guangdong Huizhou Petroleum Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co., Ltd., Shandong Institute for Product Quality Inspection, Liaoning Institute for Product Quality Inspection
• Main drafters: Zhu Dongmei, Pei Xinjie, Song Dan, Leng Haoze, Liu Huiqin, Xu Hualing, Zhao Yue, Dai Yingjuan, Wang Ting, Zhao Zhenhai, Dong Hailong, Wang Shuo, Chen Panpan, Feng Lizu, Xue Hua

2. Scope of application and non-applicability

• This document specifies a method for determining the relative solvency power of hydrocarbon solvents used in paints, varnishes and related products.
• It is applicable to the determination of the Kauri-Butanol value of hydrocarbon solvents with an initial boiling point greater than 40 ℃ and a dry point less than 300 ℃, with a determination range of 30~90.
• It is also applicable to samples whose Kauri-Butanol value exceeds this range, but the precision has not been established.
• Not applicable: no explicit non-applicability clause is provided in the available source.

3. Method principle

At 25 ℃, a mixed solution of toluene assigned a value of 105 and 75% n-heptane assigned a value of 40 mixed with 25% toluene by volume is used to standardize a 20 g kauri resin-n-butanol solution, adjusting the kauri resin-n-butanol solution to an appropriate concentration. Under the same conditions, the sample is used to titrate this kauri resin-n-butanol solution, the number of milliliters of sample required to produce the specified turbidity is recorded, and the Kauri-Butanol value of the sample is obtained by formula calculation.

4. Reagents and materials (purity / preparation)

Unless otherwise specified, only analytical grade and above reagents are used in the analysis.

• 6.1 Toluene. Warning: toluene is flammable and its vapor is toxic. Keep away from ignition sources and ensure ventilation.
• 6.2 n-Heptane.
• 6.3 n-Butanol.
• 6.4 Kauri resin (also known as copal gum).
• 6.5 Kauri resin-n-butanol solution: prepared from kauri resin and n-butanol in a mass ratio of 1:5. It may be prepared as follows: crush 400 g of clean, light-colored kauri resin to particles of pea size or smaller, place into a 3000 mL flask, add 2 kg of n-butanol under vigorous stirring, stir on a magnetic stirrer until the kauri resin is completely dissolved; if necessary, heat to about 55 ℃ to aid dissolution; this process takes about 48 h. If insoluble matter remains, attach a reflux condenser to the flask and heat on a steam bath until all the kauri resin is dissolved. Allow the solution to stand for 48 h, then filter with suction using a Büchner funnel with two layers of medium-speed qualitative filter paper, replacing the filter paper as needed, and take the clear liquid for use.
• 6.6 n-Heptane-toluene mixed solution: prepared from a volume ratio of (25±0.1)% toluene and (75±0.1)% n-heptane. It may be prepared as follows: place toluene, n-heptane, pipettes and volumetric flasks in a constant-temperature room or thermostat at 25 ℃±5 ℃. At this temperature, use a pipette to transfer 50 mL of toluene into a 200 mL volumetric flask, first dilute with n-heptane to just below the calibration mark of the volumetric flask, mix carefully, allow to stand for 3 min, then dilute to the mark with n-heptane and mix thoroughly.

5. Apparatus and equipment

• 5.1 Water bath: capable of maintaining a constant temperature of 25 ℃±5 ℃. Other constant-temperature environments capable of maintaining 25 ℃±5 ℃ may also be used.
• 5.2 Balance: scale interval 0.01 g.
• 5.3 Magnetic stirrer.
• 5.4 Büchner funnel.
• 5.5 Conical flask: 250 mL.
• 5.6 Volumetric flask: 200 mL.
• 5.7 Burette: 50 mL, scale interval 0.1 mL.
• 5.8 Pipette: 50 mL.
• 5.9 Flask: 3000 mL.
• 5.10 Thermometer: 0 ℃~100 ℃, scale interval 1 ℃.
• 5.11 Qualitative filter paper: medium speed.
• 5.12 Turbidity observation card: a card made by clearly printing 12 black characters "101010101010" in size-five heiti type on A4 copy paper meeting the requirements of GB/T 24988 using a laser printer.

6. Recommended operating conditions

• Test temperature: 25 ℃±5 ℃ (see Chapter 8; the 1989 edition was 25 ℃±1 ℃).
• Immediately after the standardization endpoint, check the temperature of the solution in the conical flask; if it exceeds 30 ℃ or is below 20 ℃, re-titrate (8.1.2).
• Constant temperature of the kauri resin-n-butanol solution: if the temperature is not within the range of 25 ℃±5 ℃, place it in a 25 ℃±5 ℃ water bath (or constant-temperature environment) for at least 30 min (8.1.1).
• Turbidity observation: place a turbidity observation card below the conical flask, with the bottom of the conical flask 3 cm~6 cm from the card (8.1.2).
• Other recommended operating conditions: not provided in the available source.

7. Sampling and sample preparation

• Sampling shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of GB/T 4756 or GB/T 6680 (Chapter 7).
• Sample preparation: no separate clause is provided in the available source.

8. Analytical procedure

8.1 Standardization of the kauri resin-n-butanol solution

• 8.1.1 Check whether the temperature of the kauri resin-n-butanol solution is 25 ℃±5 ℃; if it is not within this temperature range, place it in a 25 ℃±5 ℃ water bath (or constant-temperature environment) for at least 30 min.
• 8.1.2 Weigh 20.00 g±0.10 g of the kauri resin-n-butanol solution into a 250 mL conical flask, place a turbidity observation card below the conical flask, with the bottom of the conical flask 3 cm~6 cm from the card, titrate with toluene while shaking continuously, and stop at any time to observe the turbidity observation card directly below the conical flask through the solution in the flask from top to bottom; the endpoint is reached when the characters on the card begin to blur and cannot be clearly observed but can still be read; if the characters cannot be recognized, the endpoint has been exceeded. Immediately after reaching the endpoint, check the temperature of the solution in the conical flask; if it exceeds 30 ℃ or is below 20 ℃, re-titrate.
• 8.1.3 The volume of toluene consumed should be 105.0 mL±5.0 mL; if it exceeds this range, adjust the concentration of the kauri resin-n-butanol solution so that the volume of toluene consumed is within this range. The final volume of toluene consumed is represented by V1.
• 8.1.4 Weigh 20.00 g±0.10 g of the kauri resin-n-butanol solution adjusted in 8.1.3 into a 250 mL conical flask, and titrate with the n-heptane-toluene mixed solution according to the method of 8.1.2. The volume of n-heptane-toluene mixed solution consumed in the titration is represented by V2.

8.2 Determination of the sample

Weigh 20.00 g±0.10 g of the kauri resin-n-butanol solution adjusted in 8.1.3 into a 250 mL conical flask, and titrate with the sample to be tested according to the method of 8.1.2; the volume of sample consumed in the titration is represented by V3. Note: The determination conditions for the sample are the same as those for standardization of the solution, including test temperature, judgment of turbidity, etc.

9. Qualitative and quantitative determination and calculation formulas

9.1 Calculation

Calculate the Kauri-Butanol value of the sample (X) according to formula (1):

X = 65(V3 − V2)/(V1 − V2) + 40 ……………………(1)

Where:

• X — Kauri-Butanol value of the sample;
• V3 — volume of sample consumed in titrating the kauri resin-n-butanol solution, in milliliters (mL);
• V2 — volume of n-heptane-toluene mixed solution consumed in titrating the kauri resin-n-butanol solution, in milliliters (mL);
• V1 — volume of toluene consumed in titrating the kauri resin-n-butanol solution, in milliliters (mL).

9.2 Expression of results

The determination result is expressed as the arithmetic mean of the results of parallel determinations, and is rounded to one decimal place in accordance with GB/T 8170.

10. Precision

10.1 General

When the Kauri-Butanol value is in the range of 30~90, the reliability of the test results is judged according to the provisions of 10.2 and 10.3 (95% confidence level).

10.2 Repeatability (r)

In the same laboratory, by the same operator, using the same apparatus, according to the same method, the difference between two test results obtained from continuous determination of the same sample shall not exceed the value calculated by formula (2).

r = 0.01X1 − 0.1 ……………………(2)

Where:

• X1 — arithmetic mean of the results of two replicate tests.

10.3 Reproducibility (R)

In different laboratories, by different operators, using different apparatus, according to the same method, the difference between two single, independent test results obtained from determination of the same sample shall not exceed the value calculated by formula (3).

R = 0.03X2 + 1.0 ……………………(3)

Where:

• X2 — the arithmetic mean of the results of two single, independent tests.

11. Report

The report shall include at least the following:

• a) Sample name and number;
• b) Test results;
• c) Documents used;
• d) Observed abnormal phenomena;
• e) Test date.

12. Normative references

• GB/T 4756 Petroleum liquids — Manual sampling
• GB/T 6680 General rules for sampling of liquid chemical products
• GB/T 8170 Rules for rounding off numerical values and expression and judgment of limiting values
• GB/T 24988 Copy paper

13. Source and verification

This page is an AI translation of the available Chinese method card. Human verification is pending. It is not an official translation of the standard. Check the source standard and product certificate before use.

14. Quick reference for questions and answers