NB/SH/T 0059-2010 Determination of evaporation loss of lubricating oils — Noack method

AI-translated method card — human verification pending. This is not an official translation of the standard. Unclear source values remain unverified; check the original standard and product certificate before use.

Card type: Test method

1. Method number / full title / English name / replacement relationship

• Standard number: NB/SH/T 0059-2010
• Chinese title: Determination of evaporation loss of lubricating oils — Noack method
• English title (original text layer): Standard test method for evaporation loss of lubricadimg oills boy tne Noack metnod (requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction), suspected to be “Standard test method for evaporation loss of lubricating oils by the Noack method”)
• Replacement relationship: replaces SH/T 0059-1996; SH/T 0059-1996 was formulated by equivalent adoption of CEC L-40-T-87.
• Adoption relationship: modified adoption of ASTM D5800-08 “Determination of evaporation loss of lubricating oils (Noack method)”, redrafted according to ASTM D5800-08.
• Main technical differences from ASTM D5800-08: this standard only adopts method A and method B in ASTM D5800-08, and does not adopt method C (the original writes “method G”, requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction)); some referenced standards adopt the corresponding Chinese national standards and industry standards.
• Main changes from SH/T 0059-1996: added method B (determination of Noack evaporation loss with non-Wood’s metal apparatus); added some referenced standards; added two figures, “heating body” and “glassware”; requires that the time from removing the crucible to placing it into water for cooling not exceed 60s (the 1996 version has no such requirement); method A requires the crucible to be cooled in warm water after the test (the 1996 version requires cooling in cold water); re-specified repeatability and reproducibility; deleted “resolving power” and added a “bias” description; added Annex A, Annex B, and Annex C.
• Nature of annexes: Annex A, Annex B, and Annex C are all informative annexes.
• Proposed by / administered by: proposed by China Petrochemical Corporation; administered by the Petroleum Fuels and Lubricants Subcommittee of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Petroleum Products and Lubricants (SAC/TC280/SC1).
• Drafting units: Dalian Lubricating Oil Research and Development Center of PetroChina Company Limited (responsible); Lubricant Research and Development (Beijing) Center of China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation (participating).
• Main drafters: Li Jianxin, Su Jiang, Yu Bing, Cui Haiou, Xia Peng.
• Issued / implemented: issued on 2011-01-09, implemented on 2011-05-01.
• Issuing authority: National Energy Administration.

2. Scope of application and non-applicability

• 1.1 This standard specifies two methods for determining the evaporation loss of lubricating oils (especially internal combustion engine oils). Method A uses a Wood’s metal Noack evaporation loss tester, and method B uses an automatic non-Wood’s metal Noack evaporation loss tester. The test methods of this standard are related to the operating conditions, but may also be applicable to other conditions if required.
• 1.2 There are differences between the determination results of method A and method B. For fully formulated internal combustion engine oils, the determination result of method A is slightly lower than that of method B; for base oils, the determination result of method A is slightly higher than that of method B.
• 1.3 This standard uses [SI] International System of Units units.
• 1.4 This standard involves certain hazardous materials, operations, and apparatus, but does not purport to address all safety problems associated with them. Therefore, users must establish appropriate safety and protective measures before using this standard and determine the applicability of relevant regulatory limitations.
• Non-applicability: no explicit non-applicability clause is provided in the available source.

3. Method principle

• 4 Method summary: place a certain mass of test sample in an evaporation crucible, and under 250℃ and a constant air flow, determine the mass loss of the test sample after 60min.
• Note: for helpful tips on Noack evaporation loss determination (method A and method B), see Annex A.
• Method B (introduction to 15): it uses the same principle and the same crucible as method A; the difference is limited to different heat transfer to the sample. It does not use Wood’s metal and directly monitors the sample temperature, and is an automated test method.

4. Reagents and materials (purity / preparation)

• 7.1 Cleaning agent: use a mixed solution of naphtha and toluene to clean the crucible, and if necessary, soak overnight. Warning: flammable, vapors are harmful.
• 7.2 Standard oils with known evaporation loss supplied by suppliers, such as RI-N, RL.172, and RI223 provided by CEC (requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction), the grade designation appears to be written incorrectly); standard oils provided by other suppliers may also be used.
• 7.3 Insulating gloves (the glove specification is unclear in the source transcription; verify it before selecting protective equipment).
• 7.4 Paint brush: acid-resistant brush (15mm~25mm wide).
• 7.5 Wood’s metal or a suitable heat transfer material. Warning: Wood’s metal contains lead (25%), bismuth (50%), antimony (12.5%), and cadmium (12.5%); these metals are all harmful to health, avoid contact with skin.
• 17.1 Cleaning agent: same as clause 7.1.
• 17.2 Standard oil: same as clause 7.2.
• 17.3 Same as clause 7.3.
• 17.4 Industrial wiping paper.
• Purity / preparation concentration: not provided in the available source (except for the mixing ratio description above).

5. Apparatus and equipment

Method A (apparatus 6):

• 6.1 Noack evaporation loss tester, consisting of the following parts:
  • 6.1.1 Electric heating element: made of malleable aluminum alloy (conforming to GB/T 1173). The heating body consists of a shell and a bottom heater, and is equipped with thermal insulation to prevent heat loss. Electric heating is used, with a total power of 1kW~1.2kW, and the power difference between the two independent heaters shall not exceed 0.15kW. There is a hole seat in the middle of the heating body for placing the evaporation crucible; the gap between the hole seat and the crucible is filled with Wood’s metal or another substance having the same effect as Wood’s metal. There are two screws on the shell heater to prevent the crucible from floating up in the molten metal bath; there are another two round holes at the same distance from the middle hole seat for placing thermometers (see Figure 1). Warning: the heating body is heated to 250℃.
  • 6.1.2 Evaporation crucible: the evaporation crucible with a screw cap is made of stainless steel (see Figure 2); the upper part of the support ring has threads for installing the crucible cover; the nickel-plated brass crucible cover has a conical surface that forms a seal with the crucible (see Figure 3); the crucible cover has three vent holes made of hardened steel, and the downward-inclined suction tube is tightly fixed to the center of the crucible cover with screws.
• 6.2 Balance: capacity not less than 200g, readability 0.01g.
• 6.3 Crucible tongs and wrench.
• 6.4 Reamer: diameter 2mm.
• 6.5 Spherical ball: diameter 3.5mm.
• 6.6 Temperature measuring device: temperature measurement range 0~360℃, conforming to thermometer No. GB-4 in GB/T 514, or a temperature sensor with a measurement accuracy of 0.1%. The temperature measuring device shall be calibrated regularly.
• 6.7 Contact thermometer (for manual operation).
• 6.8 Y type glass tube: inner diameter 4mm, each upper arm length 45mm, and it shall form an angle so that it is in the same straight line when connected to the crucible suction tube. Vertical arm length 60mm, end inclined 45°.
• 6.9 Glass transfer tube: inner diameter 4mm, each arm length 100mm, end inclined 45°, extending into and remaining in the bottle.
  • 6.9.1 Glass bent tube: bent tube with an angle of approximately 80°.
  • 6.9.2 Glass bent tube: bent tube with an angle of approximately 100°, length from the bottle bottom 20mm.
  • 6.9.3 Glass bent tube: bent tube with an angle of approximately 90°.
• 6.10 Glass bottles: two glass bottles with a volume of about 2L, with rubber stoppers at the mouth to secure the inlet and outlet tubes (see Figure 4).
• 6.11 Inclined-tube manometer: filled with water, accuracy 0.2mm water column, or a corresponding pressure sensor capable of measuring 20mm±0.2mm water column pressure (recommended range 0~50mm water column). Note: some manometers use water as the reference liquid, while some use a lower-density liquid in order to read millimeters of water column; the operator shall ensure that the manometer is filled with a reference liquid of suitable density.
• 6.12 T type glass tube: connected with an exhaust valve.
• 6.13 Vacuum pump.
• 6.14 Timer: accurate to 0.25s (the original writes “0.253”, requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction)).
• 6.15 Silicone tube: inner diameter 4mm, lengths 40mm (three pieces), 300mm, and 100mm.
• Note: automatic instruments are permitted, but it shall be ensured that the results obtained are equivalent to the results of this standard. All instrument dimensions, including the heating body, crucible, heat capacity, and glassware, shall be consistent with the specifications given in this standard.

Method B (apparatus 16):

• 16.1 Noack evaporation loss tester, consisting of the following (Figure 6: fully automatic non-Wood’s metal Noack evaporation loss tester):
  • 16.1.1 Electric heating element: heated by a bottom heater and a shell heater; the total power consumption can ensure that the temperature of every part of the test sample is consistent with the recorded test sample temperature when tested with a Wood’s metal apparatus. There is a hole seat in the middle of the shell heater for placing the evaporation crucible; the shell is designed so that the heater can ensure close contact with the evaporation crucible; it is equipped with a mechanical device for opening the port of the hole seat where the evaporation crucible is placed. There are two screws on the heating body to prevent the crucible from floating up; a bottom heater ensures direct contact with the crucible.
  • 16.1.2 Evaporation crucible: the evaporation crucible with a screw cap (see Figure 7) is made of stainless steel (see Figure 8), and the upper part of the support ring has threads. The nickel-plated brass crucible cover (see Figure 9) has a conical surface that forms a seal with the threads on the crucible. The cover has three vent holes made of hardened steel (see Figure 10) to allow air flow through the crucible cover. The downward-inclined suction tube (see Figure 11 and Figure 12) is tightly fixed to the center of the crucible cover with screws.
  • 16.1.3 Temperature sensor: device for measuring the temperature of the test sample, with an accuracy of 0.5℃ or higher and a resolution of 0.1 or higher. The temperature sensor is used to calibrate a temperature sensing device with a temperature of 250.0℃ and an accuracy of 0.1℃. Its diameter is 4mm, and Figure 10 indicates the exact position. The temperature sensor should be calibrated periodically using an appropriate procedure (at least once a year).
• 16.2 Balance: capacity not less than 500g, readability 0.01g.
• 16.3 Same as clause 6.3.
• 16.4 Same as clause 6.4.
• 16.5 Spherical ball: diameter 3mm~5mm.
• 16.6 Glassware: same as clauses 6.6~6.12 and clause 6.15.
• 16.7 Same as clause 6.13.
• 16.8 Central processing unit (CPU): used to control the temperature of the test sample, the degree of vacuum, the test time, the heating of the test sample, and to print the test report. The test sample is heated to 245.2℃±0.5℃, and the recorded temperature curve is consistent with the recorded temperature curve using a Wood's metal apparatus with test duration period compensation (250℃, 1h). The reason for the test duration period compensation setting is: when the test starts, the heater is at room temperature; or after several tests have been performed, the heater is in a hot high-temperature state without a cooling stage. CPU can automatically fine-tune the pressure difference 20mm±0.2mm, and check these test conditions through the printed report.
• 16.9 Printer: prints the temperature curve and pressure curve of the test sample during the test.

6. Recommended operating conditions

• Test temperature: A method 250℃±0.5℃ (9.3, 10.8); B method sample heated to 245.2℃±0.5℃ (16.8).
• Pressure difference: 20mm±0.2mm water column (9.6, 10.8, 16.8).
• Test time: 60min (4, 10.11, 20.16).
• Air flow: constant air flow pumping (4).
• Instrument placement: should be placed in a location without air flow fluctuations and meet the dimensional requirements shown in Figure 5 (9.1); the B method instrument should be installed in a sheltered location and meet the dimensions and instrument requirements of Figure 6 (19.1).
• Temperature recovery: when the heater body temperature is lower than the test temperature 5℃, adjust the heater body control button so that the test temperature recovers to 250℃ within 3min of the start of the test (10.9).
• Pressure stabilization: usually stabilizes within 10min~15min; after stabilization, the temperature and pressure difference need to be checked periodically to keep them constant during the test (10.10).
• Preheating: the B method should turn on the instrument switch at least 30min before the test to stabilize the temperature of the measurement circuit (20.1); before the first test, the device electronics should be powered on for at least 30min to preheat the vacuum sensor; it is recommended that the electronics be powered on overnight (A.21).

7. Sampling and test sample preparation

• 11.1 Take a representative test sample 65g±0.1g and place it in an empty crucible, weigh to the nearest 0.01g. Note: Sampling is carried out in accordance with GB/T 4756 or SY/T 5317.
• 21.1 Weigh the test sample 65.0g±0.1g into the crucible, to the nearest 0.01g. Note: Sampling should be in accordance with GB/T 4756 or SY/T 5317.
• Other requirements for test sample preparation: not provided in the available source.

8. Analysis procedure

A method:

• 9 Instrument preparation:
  • 9.1 The standard assembled instrument is shown in Figure 5. To avoid breaking the thermal balance, the instrument should be placed in a location without air flow fluctuations and meet the dimensional requirements shown in Figure 5 (see 8.1).
  • 9.2 Add sufficient Wood's metal or equivalent material into the heater body's hole seat and the two thermometer holes, so that after the crucible or thermometer is inserted, the molten metal fills the remaining space.
  • 9.3 Use the highest heating rate to raise the temperature of the heater body until the Wood's metal melts. Insert the thermometer from the back of the heater body so that the mercury bulb touches the bottom of the hole, and adjust the electrical power of the heater body to maintain the temperature at 250℃±0.5℃.
  • 9.4 Assemble all components except the crucible as shown in Figure 5.
  • 9.5 Place an empty evaporation crucible in the hole seat of the heater body, tighten the screws to overcome the buoyancy of the Wood's metal, and the molten Wood's metal can be seen from the flange of the evaporation crucible and the upper part of the heater body.
  • 9.6 Connect the installed evaporation crucible to the instrument, check the pressure gauge or other measuring device, and the reading should reach 20mm±0.2mm water column.
  • 9.7 Disconnect the evaporation crucible from the instrument and remove the evaporation crucible.
  • 9.8 Turn off the pump and heater body, remove the crucible and thermometer from the instrument, and use a brush to brush the Wood's metal adhering to the crucible back into the heater body.
  • 9.9 Clean the Y type tube and glass tube to prevent accumulation of condensate.
• 10 Calibration:
  • 10.1 Turn on the pump and heater body; and ensure that the instrument is assembled as shown in Figure 5 except for the crucible.
  • 10.2 Check the crucible and lid for varnish-like substances.
  • 10.2.1 After each test, clean the crucible and crucible lid with solvent, dry them, and use fine sandpaper to grind off the varnish film that is difficult to remove.
  • 10.3 Use a reamer to pass through the three vent holes on the lid to ensure they are clean. Warning: If the reamer diameter is larger than 2mm, it will enlarge the vent holes, increase the air flow, and cause increased evaporation loss.
  • 10.4 Pass the spherical ball through the suction tube to ensure it is clean.
  • 10.5 Weigh the crucible without the lid, to the nearest 0.01g.
  • 10.6 Weigh the crucible containing 65.0g±0.1g standard oil.
  • 10.7 Tighten the lid using crucible tongs and a wrench.
  • 10.8 Ensure the heater body temperature is at 250℃±0.5℃, place the crucible into the hole seat of the heater body, and ensure that the flange under the two screws on the heater body can overcome the buoyancy of the Wood's metal. Turn on the heater body switch to compensate for the heat capacity of the crucible, immediately (less than 5s) connect the crucible's suction tube to the Y type glass tube, while turning on the pump and stopwatch and adjusting the exhaust valve to give a pressure difference of 20mm±0.2mm water column. Note: When the evaporation crucible is in the test position, its edge should be flush with the top of the heater body. Protrusion of the evaporation crucible edge on the heater body will cause the Wood's metal at this location to form slag. The hole seat of the shell heater body and the thermometer insertion holes should be clean, and the Wood's metal should be evenly placed to avoid accumulation of slag. Oxidized Wood's metal will affect the heat conduction of the crucible and may adversely affect the results obtained.
  • 10.9 When the heater body temperature is lower than the test temperature 5℃, adjust the heater body control button so that the test temperature recovers to 250℃ within 3min of the start of the test. Note: When using an automatic instrument, the temperature and pressure are automatically controlled.
  • 10.10 At the start of the test, always pay attention to maintaining the appropriate pressure; it usually stabilizes within 10min~15min. After stabilization, the temperature and pressure difference need to be checked periodically to keep them constant during the test.
  • 10.11 After the test has proceeded for 60min±5s, remove the crucible from the heater body, remove all adhering alloy, and place the crucible into warm water at least 30mm deep. The time from the end of the test to immersing the evaporation crucible in water should not exceed 60s.
  • 10.12 After 30min, remove the crucible from the water, wipe the outer wall of the crucible dry, and carefully remove the crucible lid.
  • 10.13 Reweigh the crucible without the lid, to the nearest 0.01g.
  • 10.14 Calculate the evaporation loss of the standard oil, to the nearest 0.1% (mass fraction).
  • 10.15 Compare the measured result with the given value of the standard oil. If the result is within ±6% of the given value, repeat this step with the test sample starting from clause 11.1.
  • 10.16 If the result is not within 6%, check whether the instrument is as shown in Figure 5 and whether the test procedure was followed, and check the calibration of the thermometer and pressure sensor.
  • 10.17 Redetermine the evaporation loss of the standard oil.
  • Note 1: Condensate is not allowed to block the 2L glass bottle. When the collected condensate reaches a maximum height of 1cm, it should be cleaned with solvent oil.
  • Note 2: If the testing frequency is high, the instrument should be calibrated approximately every 10 tests. If testing is infrequent, the instrument should be calibrated before each test.
• 11 Test procedure:
  • 11.1 Take a representative test sample 65g±0.1g and place it in an empty crucible, weigh to the nearest 0.01g. Note: Sampling is carried out in accordance with GB/T 4756 or SY/T 5317.
  • 11.2 Carry out the procedure described in clauses 10.7~10.13.
  • 11.3 Calculate the evaporation loss of the test sample, to the nearest 0.1% (mass fraction).

B method:

• 19 Instrument preparation:
  • 19.1 The installation of the instrument is shown in Figure 6. To avoid breaking the thermal balance, the instrument should be installed in a sheltered location and meet the dimensions and instrument requirements of Figure 6 (see 18.1).
  • 19.2 Prepare the automatic instrument for operation according to the instrument manufacturer's instructions regarding calibration, inspection, and operation.
  • 19.3 Clean the glass bottle, glass tube, and Y type tube to prevent formation of condensate. Note: Condensate is not allowed to block the 2L glass bottle. When the collected condensate reaches up to the 2cm mark on the glass bottle, it should be cleaned with solvent and dried.
• 20 Calibration:
  • 20.1 At least 30min before the test, turn on the instrument switch to stabilize the temperature of the measurement circuit.
  • 20.2 Ensure that the installed glass components and vacuum pump are clean and that all connections are sealed.
  • 20.3 Before the start of the test, thoroughly clean and dry the evaporation crucible and crucible assembly used for the test, check the evaporation crucible and lid for varnish film, gently grind off hard deposits with fine emery powder on solvent-soaked absorbent cotton or treat with fibrous cotton cloth, then rinse with solvent.
  • 20.4 Repeat the operation of clause 10.3.
  • 20.5 Repeat the operation of clause 10.4.
  • 20.6 After the instrument stabilization period of 30min, calibrate the temperature measuring instrument according to the instrument manufacturer's instructions.
  • 20.7 Calibrate the vacuum measuring instrument according to the instrument manufacturer's instructions.
  • 20.8 Repeat the operation of clause 10.5.
  • 20.9 Weigh 65.0g±0.1g of standard oil into the crucible, to the nearest 0.01g; the mass at this time is referred to as M₁.
  • 20.10 Tighten the crucible lid using evaporation crucible tongs and a wrench. During this process, ensure that the sample does not splash onto the inside of the crucible lid. If this phenomenon occurs, even once, the test shall be restarted from clause 20.3.
  • 20.11 Connect the temperature sensor to the instrument.
  • 20.12 Press the control lever on the heater panel, place the crucible into the hole seat of the heating body, rotate the crucible, place the circular edge of the crucible under the screw, tighten the screw, adjust the final position of the suction tube so that it faces directly the Y-type glass tube arm, then release the control lever.
  • 20.13 Connect the suction tube to the Y-shaped glass tube arm, and clamp the connection with a clamp. Ensure that the plug-in connection of the suction tube and the right arm of the Y-shaped glass tube is properly arranged.
  • 20.14 Press the CPU “ON” key to start the test. Under the default settings, the printer is activated; otherwise, refer to the instrument manual to activate the timely printing of the sample temperature and pressure curves.
  • 20.15 When there is 3min remaining until the end of the test, an audible alarm sounds; press the “OFF” key. The operator shall stay in front of the instrument, ready to disconnect the suction tube.
  • 20.16 After the test has proceeded for 60min, the test stops automatically, and the instrument sounds an audible alarm to indicate the end of the test. Remove the sample temperature sensor, disconnect the suction tube within 15s, press the control lever, remove the crucible, press the “OFF” key, and stop the alarm.
  • 20.17 Immediately place the evaporation crucible into cold water with a depth of at least 30mm.
  • 20.18 Check the printed report to ensure that the sample temperature and pressure curves are within the specified limits. If one curve is not within the specified limits, check whether the instrument and operating procedure are consistent with the instrument manufacturer's manual. After checking, restart the test from clause 20.2.
  • 20.19 After 30min, take the crucible out of the water, wipe the outer wall dry, and carefully open the crucible lid. This step is very strict; ensure that the sample has not contacted the inside of the crucible lid. Note: At the beginning and end of the test, the handling of the crucible is very important. The sample in the crucible must not splash onto the inner surface of the crucible lid. When this occurs, it will cause the evaporation loss result to be too high, and the test should be redone.
  • 20.20 Reweigh the crucible without the crucible lid, to the nearest 0.01g.
  • 20.21 Subtract the empty crucible mass from the measurement result of clause 20.20; this is the mass of M₂.
  • 20.22 Use formula (4) to calculate the evaporation loss m of the standard oil, % (mass fraction), to the nearest 0.1%.
  • 20.23 Compare the measured value for calibrating the instrument with the given value of the standard oil. If it is within the specified range, continue to Chapter 21.
  • 20.24 If the test result is not within the specified range, check whether the instrument is installed in accordance with the instrument manufacturer's manual and whether the test procedure meets the manufacturer's requirements.
  • 20.25 Continue the test from clause 20.2 and retest the evaporation loss of the standard oil.
• 21 Test procedure:
  • 21.1 Weigh the sample 65.0g±0.1g into the crucible, to the nearest 0.01g. Note: Sampling shall be carried out in accordance with GB/T 4756 or SY/T 5317.
  • 21.2 Continue with the contents of clauses 20.3 to 20.20.
  • 21.3 Use formula (4) to calculate the evaporation loss of the sample, to the nearest 0.1% (mass fraction).

9. Qualitative and quantitative determination and calculation formulas

• 12.1 Calculation by the A method: According to the difference in mass of the sample before 1h and after 1h under the conditions of 250℃, use formula (1) to calculate the evaporation loss value of the sample:
  • m = [(B - A) - (C - A)] / (B - A) × 100 ………………(1) (requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction), the denominator in the source text appears to be written incorrectly)
  • Where: A— mass of the empty crucible, g; B— mass of the crucible and sample, g; C— mass of the crucible and sample after heating for 1h, g.
• 20.22 Calculation for standard oil by the B method: m = [(M₁ - M₂) / M₁] × 100 ………………(4)
  • Where: M₁—mass of the standard oil before the test, g; M₂—mass of the standard oil after the test, g.
• 22.1 Calculation of the sample by the B method: Evaporation loss is the mass difference of the sample before and after the test. The test sample is heated according to the recorded temperature curve using a Wood's metal instrument with test duration compensation (250℃, 1h). Use formula (5) to calculate the evaporation loss m% (mass fraction):
  • m = [(Mₛ - Mₐ) / Mₛ] × 100 ………………(5) (requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction), the subscript appears to be written incorrectly)
  • Where: Mₛ—mass of the sample before the test, g; Mₐ—mass of the sample after the test, g.
• 22.2 Conversion between the results of the A method and the B method:
  • 22.2.1 Fully formulated internal combustion engine oil: The Noack evaporation loss value range is between 10.5% and 21.5%. On the basis of statistical tests, the results have the following correlation:
    • L_Bn = 1.030 L_Aw ………………(6) (requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction), the subscript appears to be written incorrectly)
    • L_Aw = 0.970 L_Bn ………………(7) (requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction), the subscript appears to be written incorrectly)
    • Where: evaporation loss of internal combustion engine oil determined by the L_Bn—B method; evaporation loss of internal combustion engine oil determined by the L_Aw—A method.
    • For formula (6), the regression coefficient at 95% confidence level ranges from 1.021 to 1.033; for formula (7), the regression coefficient at 95% confidence level ranges from 0.968 to 0.980.
  • 22.2.2 Base oil: The Noack evaporation loss value range is between 4% and 25%. On the basis of statistical tests, the results have the following correlation:
    • L_B = 0.902 L_A ………………(8) (requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction), the subscript appears to be written incorrectly)
    • L_A = 1.039 L_B ………………(9) (requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction), the subscript appears to be written incorrectly)
    • Where: evaporation loss of base oil determined by the L_B—B method; evaporation loss of base oil determined by the L_A—A method.
    • For formula (8), the regression coefficient at 95% confidence level ranges from 0.950 to 0.959; for formula (9), the regression coefficient at 95% confidence level ranges from 1.043 to 1.053.
  • Note: The Noack evaporation loss results shall not be rounded before being corrected using formulas (6) to (9).
• Qualitative: not provided in the available source.

10. Precision

A method (14 precision and bias, 95% confidence level):

• 14.1 Precision: This precision was obtained statistically from test results obtained by multiple laboratories using manual, semi-automatic, and automatic instruments.
• 14.1.1 Repeatability: In the same laboratory, by the same operator, using the same instrument, according to the same test method, the difference between two consecutive test results obtained on the same sample shall not be greater than the value of formula (2):
  • r = 5.8% m ………………(2)
  • Where: m— average of the two test results, % (mass fraction).
• 14.1.2 Reproducibility: In different laboratories, by different operators, using different instruments, according to the same test method, the difference between two single, independent test results obtained on the same sample shall not be greater than the value of formula (3):
  • R = 18.3% m ………………(3)
  • Where: m— average of the two test results, % (mass fraction).
• 14.2 Bias: Since the evaporation loss value is determined by this test method, this standard has no bias.

B method (24 precision and bias, 95% confidence level):

• 24.1 Precision:
  • 24.1.1 Repeatability: In the same laboratory, by the same operator, using the same instrument, according to the same test method, the difference between two consecutive test results obtained on the same sample shall not be greater than the value of the following formula:
    • r = 0.095 X ………………(10) (requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction), the source text has “0.095X.s”)
    • Where: X— average of the two determination results, % (mass fraction).
  • 24.1.2 Reproducibility R: In different laboratories, by different operators, using different instruments, according to the same test method, the difference between two single, independent test results obtained on the same sample shall not be greater than the value of the following formula:
    • R = 0.26 X ………………(11) (requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction), the source text has “0.26X.s”)
    • Where: X— average of the two determination results, % (mass fraction).
• 24.2 Bias: Since the evaporation loss value is determined by this test method, this standard has no bias.

11. Report

• 13 Report: Report the evaporation loss, to the nearest 0.1% (mass fraction).
• 23 Report (B method):
  • 23.1 Report the determination result of evaporation loss by the B method, to the nearest 0.1% (mass fraction).
  • 23.2 Regardless of whether it is the measured value by the A method or the measured value by the B method of this test, conversion can be carried out.
  • 23.2.1 When the properties of the sample are known, whether it is base oil or fully formulated internal combustion engine oil, according to 22.2.1 and 22.2.2, the evaporation loss calculated by the A method or the B method can be equivalently converted to the result of the other method. The appropriate calculation formula above shall be selected according to the type of sample (base oil or fully formulated internal combustion engine oil).
  • 23.3 When the evaporation loss of the test sample is converted from the original method to the result of the calculation-based method, report the result converted from method A to method B, or the result converted from method B to method A, to the nearest 0.1% (mass fraction).
  • 23.4 If it is not known whether the test sample is an internal combustion engine oil or a base oil, use method B to report the test result, it should be confirmed that it is the test result of method B, and the properties of the test sample are required to calculate the standard value produced by testing with method A.
  • 23.4.1 The result of method A is converted from method B, or the result of method B is converted from method A, both need to be reported.

12. Normative references

• GB/T 514 Specification for glass liquid thermometers for petroleum product testing
• GB/T 1173 Cast aluminum alloy
• GB/T 4756 Petroleum liquids — Manual sampling (GB/T 4756-1998, eqv ISO 3170:1988)
• SH/T 0843 Evaluation of analytical testing systems in the petrochemical industry — Statistical techniques
• SY/T 5317 Petroleum liquids — Automatic pipeline sampling (SY/T 5317-2006, ISO 3171:1988, IDT)
• Note: 25.2 mentions SH/T ×××× and ASTM MNL7; 25.3 mentions SH/T 0843 and ASTM MNL7 (ASTM MNL7 Manual for handling analytical data control charts).
• Annex C Table C.1 gives the comparison table of clause numbers between this standard and ASTM D5800-08.

13. Source and verification

This page is an AI translation of the available Chinese method card. Human verification is pending. It is not an official translation of the standard. Check the source standard and product certificate before use.

14. Quick Q&A reference