NB/SH/T 0856-2013 High-temperature detergency evaluation method for agricultural diesel engine oils

AI-translated method card — human verification pending. This is not an official translation of the standard. Unclear source values remain unverified; check the original standard and product certificate before use.

Card type: Test method

1. Method number / full title / English name / replacement relationship

• Standard number: NB/SH/T 0856—2013
• Chinese title: High-temperature detergency evaluation method for agricultural diesel engine oils
• English title: Standard test method for evaluating the high temperature detergency of diesel engine oils for agriculture use
• Replacement relationship: not provided in the available source (the foreword does not list any replaced standard)
• Publication/implementation: published on 2013-06-08, implemented on 2013-10-01
• Issuing authority: National Energy Administration
• Custodianship: Subcommittee on Petroleum Fuels and Lubricants of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Petroleum Products and Lubricants (SAC/TC280/SC1)
• Drafting organization: Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing
• Main drafters: Xing Jianqiang, Li Shaoyu, Lu Wentong, Liu Shuntao, Yang Benfeng, Wei Rongtian, Wang Shanshan
• Appendix status: Appendix A and Appendix B are normative appendices; Appendix C, Appendix D, and Appendix E are informative appendices

2. Scope of application and non-applicability

• 1.1 This standard specifies a method for evaluating the performance of agricultural diesel engine oils using a single-cylinder diesel engine. The high-temperature detergency performance of agricultural diesel engine oils is evaluated by determining the tendency to form piston deposits, among other things.
• 1.2 It is used for establishing agricultural diesel engine oil specifications, developing agricultural diesel engine oils, and related needs.
• 1.3 This standard involves certain hazardous materials, equipment, and operations, but does not purport to address all safety issues associated with their use. Users of this standard are responsible for establishing appropriate safety and protective measures before use and for determining the applicability of relevant regulatory limitations.
• Non-applicable scope: not provided in the available source.

3. Method principle

• 4 Method summary: The test engine is the specified engine. Before each test, the power-producing parts of the engine are disassembled strictly in accordance with the method and cleaned with solvent naphtha, and new pistons, piston rings, and cylinder liners are installed. The test system shall be equipped with auxiliary equipment for controlling speed, load, and various test conditions, and the engine intake system shall be fitted with supporting devices for air filtration, humidity adjustment, and heating. The test oil is used as the engine lubricant, and the engine, having been calibrated, is operated continuously under the specified test conditions for 100 h. A dedicated test procedure shall be used before and after each test. After the test is completed, the engine is disassembled, the nature and quantity of piston deposits are evaluated, the piston ring sticking condition is inspected, and the wear amount of the piston rings and cylinder liner is measured and calculated.
• Note: The heading of section 4 and the component name are unclear in the source transcription. Their interpretations as method summary and cylinder liner remain unverified.

4. Reagents and materials (purity / preparation)

• 6.1 Coolant: distilled water or softened water with rust inhibitor added.
• 6.2 Test fuel: the test fuel is high-sulfur diesel, and the technical specifications are given in Table A.1 in Appendix A.
• 6.3 Reference oil: the technical requirements for the reference oil are given in Appendix B.
• 6.4 Test oil: approximately 10 L of test oil is required for each test.
• 6.4.1 The test oil sample shall be representative of the test oil formulation and uncontaminated.
• 6.5 Engine cleaning agent: 2 solvent naphtha meeting the requirements of GB 1922.
• 6.6 Petroleum ether: meeting the requirements of GB/T 15894.
• Appendix A (normative appendix) Test fuel specifications (Table A.1): test items include sulfur content, carbon residue of 10% distillation residue, ash, copper strip corrosion, water, kinematic viscosity, flash point, cloud point, cetane number, density (20℃), etc.; the specific index values in the original text are source-text extraction severely incomplete and require confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction).
• Appendix B (normative appendix) Specific requirements and properties of the reference oil:
  • B.1 The reference oil is the special calibration engine lubricating oil for the high-temperature detergency evaluation method for agricultural diesel engine oils, and the calibration test results are shown in Table B.1.
  • Table B.1: the oil is “special calibration engine lubricating oil for the high-temperature detergency evaluation method for agricultural diesel engine oils”, the average total weighted rating is 789.1; the standard deviation (SD) is not provided in the available source.
  • B.2 Measured properties of the reference oil (Table B.2): kinematic viscosity (100℃) 11.3 mm²/s, viscosity index 130, calcium content, sulfur content, zinc content, nitrogen content, maximum non-seizure load PB, wear scar diameter, foaming tendency/foam stability, flash point (open cup), sulfated ash 0.356%, water, mechanical impurities, etc.; some values source-text extraction are incomplete and require confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction).

5. Instruments and equipment

• 5.1 Environment:
  • 5.1.1 Engine operation and installation area: keep the surrounding air clean and free of dust.
  • 5.1.2 Measurement area: the temperature of the measurement area shall be maintained at 10 ℃~25 ℃ (the original text source-text extraction is “10%-25°C”, requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction)); if the ambient temperature is not within this range, it shall be maintained between … so that the measurement data of the parts have good repeatability. The relative humidity of the air in the measurement area shall be ensured to be within the range of 45%.
  • 5.1.3 Rating area: shall satisfy the provisions of the diesel engine piston detergency rating method.
  • 5.1.4 Cleaning area: no specific provisions are made. Because a large amount of solvent is used when cleaning test pieces, the cleaning area shall have ventilation equipment and safety… (the original text is incomplete, requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction)).
• 5.2 Test engine: Model 1105 direct-injection, single-cylinder, horizontal, water-cooled diesel engine produced by Shandong Huayuan Laidong Internal Combustion Engine Co., Ltd. Bore 105 mm, displacement 0.996 L (the original text “105hom” requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction)).
• 5.3 Auxiliary equipment:
  • 5.3.1 Intake system: composed of a humidity box, pressure control valve, fan, thermocouple, piping, etc. It shall ensure that the humidity, temperature, and pressure of the air entering the cylinder are within the specified ranges.
  • 5.3.2 Exhaust system: composed of an exhaust back pressure control valve, thermocouple, piping, etc. It shall ensure that the absolute pressure of the exhaust back pressure is within 99.8 kPa~102.8 kPa.
  • 5.3.3 Cooling system: composed of …, flow meter, liquid level observation window, piping, etc. This system shall ensure that the coolant outlet temperature is controlled at 85 ℃±2 ℃. Pay attention to the liquid level observation window; if bubbles are found in the system, stop the machine and inspect.
  • 5.3.4 Engine starting system: starting power pack…. It shall ensure normal starting of the engine and ensure that when the engine speed reaches 750 r/min, the starting motor and the engine… (the original text is incomplete, requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction)).
  • 5.3.5 Fuel system: composed of a fuel pump, fuel consumption meter, overflow valve, float tank, solenoid valve, heat exchanger, injection pump, fuel injector, pressure-resistant piping, etc. It shall ensure that the fuel enters the combustion chamber at a certain temperature and pressure.
  • 5.3.6 Engine lubrication system: composed of an oil pump, heat exchanger, oil filter, oil piping, etc.; the system flow is shown in Figure 1. It shall ensure that the oil pressure is within the range of 147 kPa~539 kPa.
  • 5.3.7 Dynamometer: use a dynamometer or an appropriate load-measuring device to control engine load and speed.
  • 5.3.8 Crankcase blow-by measuring instrument: use a mobile gas flow measuring instrument with an oil-gas separator and pressure regulating valve to measure engine blow-by. During measurement, connect it to the outlet of the crankcase breather with a rubber hose.
  • 5.3.9 Other auxiliary equipment: various thermocouples and pressure sensors.
    • 5.3.9.1 Thermocouples: use thermocouples that can meet the accuracy required by the test method; the thermocouple head shall be located in the center of the medium being measured, with specific positions as follows:
      • a) The thermocouple for measuring intake air temperature is installed at a distance of 100 mm~110 mm from the cylinder head;
      • b) The thermocouple for measuring exhaust temperature is installed at a distance of 100 mm from the cylinder head;
      • c) The thermocouple for measuring coolant outlet temperature is installed at the elbow of the cylinder head outlet pipe;
      • d) The thermocouple for measuring oil temperature is installed at 50 mm after the oil filter.
    • 5.3.9.2 Pressure sensors: specific installation positions are as follows:
      • a) Intake pressure is measured at 185 mm from the cylinder head;
      • b) Exhaust pressure is measured at 75 mm from the cylinder head;
      • c) Oil pressure is measured after the oil distributor;
      • d) Fuel pressure is measured at the outlet of the fuel filter;
      • e) Crankcase vacuum is measured on the crankcase side cover plate.
• 5.4 Diesel engine piston evaluation equipment:
  • 5.4.1 Diesel engine piston rating illumination lamp: double spherical fluorescent lamp, 20 W cool white.
  • 5.4.2 Diesel engine oil piston rating box: made of plywood, dimensions 1200 mm×775 mm×648 mm.

6. Recommended operating conditions

• Test duration: continuous operation for 100 h (4 method summary, 9.7.3).
• Break-in test specification (Table 4):

  Step	Speed/(r/min)	Torque/(N·m)	Time/min	Cumulative time/min
  1	1000	0	30	30
  2	1800	0	30	60
  3	2200	12	30	90
  4	2200	24	60	150
  5	2200	32	60	210
  6	2200	42	60	270
  7	2200	20	30	300
  8	1800	0	30	330
  9	1000	0	30	360

  • Note: After completing step 1, close the intake and oil heating switches; after completing step 5, open the intake and oil heating switches.
• Engine cooling-down procedure (Table 3):

  Step	Speed/(r/min)	Time/min	Cumulative time/min
  1	2200	10	10
  2	2200	10	20
  3	1800	5	25
  4	1000	5	30

  • Note: The values in Table 3 source-text extraction of the original text are incomplete ("36.0", "12.0", etc.); the above table has been inferred and organized based on cumulative time and requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction).
• Test condition record table (Appendix C Table C.1) specified indicators (partial):
  • Oil temperature 90 ℃±2 ℃
  • Intake air temperature 45 ℃±2 ℃
  • Exhaust gas temperature less than 510 ℃
  • Coolant inlet temperature measured
  • Coolant outlet temperature 85 ℃±2 ℃
  • Dynamometer outlet temperature measured
  • Fuel temperature measured
  • Fuel flow rate measured
  • Coolant flow rate measured
  • Fuel pressure measured
  • Oil pressure 147 kPa~539 kPa
  • Exhaust back pressure 99.8 kPa~102.8 kPa
  • Crankcase vacuum measured
  • Intake air pressure 99.8 kPa±2 kPa
  • Torque 42 N·m±2 N·m
  • Speed 2200 r/min±10 r/min
  • Oil pan oil temperature 90 ℃±2 ℃
  • Intake air humidity 18.0 g/kg±1.7 g/kg
  • Air-fuel ratio measured
• 9.2 Startup procedure: Start the engine, close the intake and oil heating switches, carry out warm-up heating, until the oil temperature reaches 90 ℃ and the speed reaches 2200 r/min; the warm-up time is not counted in the formal test time.
• 9.3 Engine shutdown procedure: Before each shutdown, run the engine at idle condition for 10 min, then cut off the fuel. The shutdown time is not counted in the test time. Record the time and reason for each shutdown.
• 9.8 Periodic measurement: Test parameters should be recorded once every hour (for the record table see Appendix C Table C.1); measure the engine crankcase blow-by gas every 10 h (for the record table see Appendix D Table D.1).

7. Sampling and sample preparation

• 6.4 Test oil: Each test requires approximately 10 L of test oil.
• 6.4.1 The test oil sample should be able to represent the formulation of the test oil and be uncontaminated.
• Other sampling and sample preparation requirements: not provided in the available source.

8. Analysis procedure

• 7 Preparation of test apparatus:
  • 7.1 Engine inspection:
    • 7.1.1 Overview: Before conducting the test on the test bench, comprehensively inspect the engine according to the requirements of the instruction manual. Whenever the engine crankshaft is replaced for any reason, the bench should undergo a calibration test.
    • 7.1.2 Engine measuring devices: Periodically inspect and calibrate the measuring devices in the engine, fuel system, and cooling system.
  • 7.2 Calibration of bench measuring equipment: Before conducting the test, the test bench should promptly calibrate all equipment used for reading test data with standard measuring devices. After a failed or invalid calibration test, or before consecutive test bench calibration tests, the laboratory may decide on the calibration of the test apparatus based on its own judgment.
  • 7.3 Calibration of standard measuring devices: All standard measuring devices used for calibrating temperature, pressure, and speed must themselves be calibrated annually, traceable to national standards. Keep these calibration records for at least two years.
  • 7.4 Cleaning of the lubrication system before engine test:
    • 7.4.1 Solvent cleaning: Before each test, use special cleaning tools, add cleaning agent to clean the lubrication system, in order to remove deposits on the engine lubrication system and internal surfaces. The cleaning steps are as follows:
      • 7.4.1.1 Install the cylinder head, only install the upper and lower two bolts.
      • 7.4.1.2 Use cleaning agent to flush the engine block from the rear end of the engine. During flushing, rotate the flywheel to ensure the crankshaft is fully cleaned.
      • 7.4.1.3 Dry the engine block with compressed air.
      • 7.4.1.4 Replace with a new oil filter.
  • 7.5 Measurement and inspection before test:
    • 7.5.1 Valves: Use new valves for each test. First install the valves, then install the valve spring seats and valve springs, and use special tools to install the valve lock plates.
    • 7.5.2 Fuel injectors: Before each test... injector tester to check the atomization of the injector... replace the injector seal ring and fuel injector gasket, check the injector appearance and damage, use... problematic injectors (original text incomplete, requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction)).
    • 7.5.3 Piston ring set: Each time... piston ring set. Before installation, measure and record the piston ring set so as to compare with the measured values after the test, calculate... before the test use petroleum ether... measure the piston ring side clearance and end gap. When measuring the side clearance, install the piston in a special ring gauge... use a feeler gauge or thickness gauge to measure the maximum side clearance (original text incomplete, requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction)).
    • 7.5.4 Cylinder liner measurement: Use a new cylinder liner for each test. Use solvent oil to clean off the protective grease on the surface of the new cylinder liner, and clean the new cylinder liner with steam or hot water. Apply test oil to the inner wall of the cylinder liner, and use a special cylinder liner installation tool to install the cylinder liner into the cylinder block. Measure the cylinder bore dimensions in two directions parallel and perpendicular to the crankshaft axis. From the top of the cylinder liner downward, at the top, middle, and bottom of the liner... (original text incomplete, requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction)).
    • 7.5.5 Fuel supply advance angle: Before each test, check the engine fuel supply advance angle. The inspection steps are as follows: ... replace the fuel pipe with a transparent hose, insert it at the fuel pump outlet, and inject test fuel into the hose. ... Rotate the flywheel in the direction of engine rotation, observe the liquid level position, wait for the liquid level to suddenly surge, at this time... the flywheel position is... this angle is between 23°±0.5°. This result needs to be repeatedly verified 3~4 times (original text incomplete, requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction)).
    • 7.5.6 Inspection of parts: Before the test, inspect all parts and components removed when disassembling the engine, such as valves... journals, housings... seals and gaskets, etc. Replace parts that do not meet the requirements.
    • 7.5.7 Check valve timing: After the new test bench is installed and after engine overhaul, the valve timing should be checked. For the inspection method, refer to the 1105 manual.
  • 7.6 Assembly and engine:
    • 7.6.1 Requirements: Install engine components according to the engine manual. Torque requirements for engine installation: Install the engine according to the specified torque.
    • 7.6.2 Tighten the cylinder head nuts. Apply clean oil to the threads of all cylinder head bolts. When tightening, tighten in a diagonal sequence in three stages. After all are tightened, check again (in diagonal sequence). The torques are respectively: first time 100 N·m, second time 170 N·m, third time 190 N·m.
    • 7.6.2.1 Connecting rod bolts: Tighten in three stages. After all are tightened, check again. The torques are respectively: first time 90 N·m, second time 110 N·m, third time 125 N·m.
    • 7.6.2.2 Nut torque: 343 N·m~500 N·m (original text incomplete, requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction)).
    • 7.6.2.3 Diesel pump fixing nut torque: 12 N·m~... (original text incomplete, requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction)).
    • 7.6.2.4 Injector fixing nut torque: 12 N·m~... (original text incomplete, requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction)).
    • 7.6.2.5 Other installation torque requirements are shown in Table 1.
    • 7.6.2.6 Table 1 Bolt diameter corresponding torque:

      Bolt diameter/mm	Torque/(N·m)
      M8	10
      M10	20
      M12	35
      M14	125
      M16	216
      M18	... (original text incomplete, requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction))

    • 7.6.3 Adjust valve clearance: ... rotate the wheel to the top dead center of the compression stroke, use a feeler gauge to measure and adjust the valve clearance. Intake valve: 0.3 mm~0.4 mm; exhaust valve: ... (original text incomplete, requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction)).
  • 7.7 Calibration of measuring devices: Initial test bench... after a failed or invalid calibration test... before the test, all equipment used for reading test data should be calibrated promptly. The laboratory... before consecutive test bench calibration tests, may decide on the calibration of the test apparatus based on its own judgment (original text incomplete, requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction)).
  • 7.8 Calibration of calibration measuring devices: All standard measuring devices for temperature, pressure, and speed must themselves be calibrated annually, traceable to national standards. Keep these calibration records for at least two years.
• 8 Calibration of engine test bench:
  • 8.1 General requirements for calibration: After calibrated test... (original text incomplete, requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction)).
  • 8.2 Reference oil for calibration: Calibration test uses... reference oil to check actual... after personnel test, it is necessary to calibrate with reference oil. ... and acceptance indicators are shown in Appendix B Table B.1 (original text incomplete, requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction)).
• 9 Engine test procedure:
  • 9.1 Before test:
    • 9.1.1 … add sufficient coolant to the tank;
    • 9.1.2 … coolant pump, check the system for leaks;
    • 9.1.3 … add 3 L of test oil to the tank;
    • 9.1.4 …L oil external circulation pump… cooling water valve… fuel valve… air bubbles in the test fuel… whether each engine system is normal (original text incomplete, requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction)).
  • 9.2 Startup procedure: start the engine, turn on the intake and engine oil heating switches, carry out heating, until the oil temperature reaches 90 ℃ and the speed reaches 2200 r/min; the heating time is not counted in the formal test time.
  • 9.3 Engine shutdown procedure: before each shutdown, run the engine at idle for 10 min, then cut off the fuel. The shutdown time is not counted in the test time. Record each shutdown time and reason.
  • 9.4 Engine cooling: disconnect the intake, close… proceed according to the steps in Table 3.
  • 9.5 Engine cleaning:
    • 9.5.1 Check the engine according to the procedure in Clause 10.1;
    • 9.5.2 Start the engine, and operate according to the steps in Table 2 under the conditions of 1 for 10 min;
    • 9.5.3 Shut down;
    • 9.5.4 Turn off the engine oil external circulation pump;
    • 9.5.5 Drain the test oil from the oil pan and heater completely.
  • 9.6 Break-in test:
    • 9.6.1 Check the engine according to the procedure in Clause 10.1;
    • 9.6.2 Start the engine and carry out the break-in test according to the provisions of Table 4;
    • 9.6.3 After the break-in test is completed, shut down and turn off the engine oil external circulation pump;
    • 9.6.4 Drain the test oil from the crankcase and heater completely.
  • 9.7 Formal test:
    • 9.7.1 Check the engine according to the procedure in Clause 10.1;
    • 9.7.2 Start the engine according to the procedure in Clause 10.2;
    • 9.7.3 Carry out the formal test of 100 h (during the formal test, perform oil level inspection and blow-by measurement every 10 h) and define the full-scale value;
    • 9.7.4 After the test is completed, cool the engine oil according to the cooling procedure in Clause 10.4;
    • 9.7.5 Turn off the engine oil external circulation pump;
    • 9.7.6 Turn off the coolant pump;
    • 9.7.7 Drain the test oil and drain the coolant.
  • 9.8 Periodic measurement: test parameters should be recorded once every hour; for the record form, see Table C.1 in Appendix C. Measure the engine crankcase blow-by every 10 h; for the record form, see Table D.1 in Appendix D.
• 10 Inspection, photography, and measurement of engine parts:
  • 10.1 Final inspection: the final inspection of the test mainly involves inspecting the piston, piston rings, and cylinder liner. Conduct a comprehensive analysis of the piston, measure the wear of the cylinder liner and piston rings, and photograph the piston; the piston rings must be removed before photographing.
  • 10.2 Determination of test results:
    • 10.2.1 Description of deposits: carbon deposit is a black, hard, and not easily soluble deposit; except for the parts that rub against components, its surface has no luster.
      • 10.2.1.1 Carbon deposits in piston ring grooves are divided into three grades: heavy carbon, medium carbon, and light carbon.
        • Heavy carbon: carbon deposit fills the entire space behind the piston ring and ring groove, as well as the parts with smaller thickness but polished due to excessive ring back area.
        • Medium carbon: carbon deposit occupies more than 1/4 of the space behind the piston ring and ring groove.
        • Light carbon: carbon deposit is less than 1/4 of the space behind the piston ring and ring groove.
      • 10.2.1.2 Carbon deposits on piston ring lands are divided into two grades: heavy carbon and light carbon.
        • Heavy carbon: carbon deposit has traces of friction and polishing.
        • Light carbon: other carbon deposits.
      • 10.2.1.3 Lacquer film: a very thin, hard, glossy, and not easily soluble deposit, divided by color into six grades: black, dark brown, brown, light brown, discolored, and clean. Distinguished by comparison with a standard color plate.
      • Scoring of deposits: refer to the diesel engine piston cleanliness scoring method (SH/T 0031) and score the piston according to the coefficients determined in the piston scoring table in Table E.1 in Appendix E.
    • 10.2.2 Deposit severity coefficients:
      • Carbon deposit severity coefficients: heavy carbon 1.00; medium carbon 0.50; light carbon 0.25.
      • Lacquer film deposit severity coefficients: black 0.100; dark brown 0.075; brown 0.050; light brown 0.025; light yellow 0.010; natural color 0.000.
    • 10.2.3 Score calculation: the piston deposit scoring calculation formulas (1), formula (2), and formula (3) are as follows:
      • Specific area score = deposit area percentage × deposit severity coefficient (1)
      • Specific area weighted score = sum of area scores × specific area weighting coefficient (2)
      • Piston total weighted score = sum of specific area weighted scores (3)
      • The deposit area percentage is expressed as an integer. When calculating the specific area weighted score, only one decimal place is retained.

9. Qualitative and quantitative and calculation formulas

• Qualitative: piston deposit types (carbon deposit, lacquer film) are graded according to the description in 10.2.1; lacquer film is divided by color into six grades (black, dark brown, brown, light brown, discolored, clean).
• Quantitative calculation formulas (10.2.3):
  • Specific area score = deposit area percentage × deposit severity coefficient (1)
  • Specific area weighted score = sum of area scores × specific area weighting coefficient (2)
  • Piston total weighted score = sum of specific area weighted scores (3)
• Deposit severity coefficients (10.2.2):
  • Carbon deposit: heavy carbon 1.00; medium carbon 0.50; light carbon 0.25.
  • Lacquer film: black 0.100; dark brown 0.075; brown 0.050; light brown 0.025; light yellow 0.010; natural color 0.000.
• The deposit area percentage is expressed as an integer; when calculating the specific area weighted score, only one decimal place is retained.
• Reference oil calibration qualification index: average total weighted score 789.1 (Table B.1); standard deviation (SD) not provided in the available source.

10. Precision

• Not provided in the available source (the main text does not list precision clauses; only Appendix B Table B.1 gives the reference oil average total weighted score 789.1, and the standard deviation SD is not provided in the available source).

11. Report

• 11 Report: the content of the test result report includes: bench reference oil test results and piston scores of the test oil, test conditions, test oil consumption, wear conditions, piston photographs, shutdown conditions, etc. For the report format, see Appendix E.
• Appendix E (informative appendix) Test report for the high-temperature cleanliness evaluation method for agricultural diesel engine oils:
  • E.1 Piston scores are shown in Table E.1 (including deposit type and deposit severity coefficient, ring groove, ring land, score, weighted score, etc.).
  • E.2 Test operating conditions are shown in Table E.2 (including oil temperature 90 ℃±2 ℃, intake air temperature 45 ℃±2 ℃, exhaust temperature less than 510 ℃, coolant outlet temperature 85 ℃±2 ℃, oil pressure 147 kPa–539 kPa, exhaust back pressure 99.8 kPa–102.8 kPa, torque 42 N·m±2 N·m, speed 2200 r/min±10 r/min, oil pan oil temperature 90 ℃±2 ℃, intake air humidity 18.0 g/kg±1.7 g/kg, etc.).
  • E.3 Measurement and inspection of cylinder liner and piston rings are shown in Table E.3 (including piston ring end gap increase, piston ring side clearance, cylinder liner wear, piston ring condition, etc.).
  • E.4 Test shutdown conditions are shown in Table E.4 (including test time, shutdown date, shutdown time, total time, shutdown reason, etc.).

12. Normative references

• GB/T 259 Petroleum products—Determination of water-soluble acids and alkalis
• GB/T 260 Petroleum products—Determination of water content
• GB/T 261 Determination of flash point—Pensky-Martens closed cup method (GB/T 261-2008, ISO 2719:2002 MOD)
• GB/T 265 Petroleum products—Determination of kinematic viscosity and calculation of dynamic viscosity
• GB/T 268 Petroleum products—Determination of carbon residue (Conradson method) (GB/T 268—1987, ISO 6615:1983 MOD)
• GB/T 386 Determination of ignition quality of diesel fuels (cetane number method)
• GB/T 508 Petroleum products—Determination of ash (GB/T 508—1985, ISO 6245:1982 MOD)
• GB/T 511 Petroleum products and additives—Determination of mechanical impurities (gravimetric method)
• GB 1922 Solvent naphtha for paints and cleaning
• GB/T 2433 Determination of sulfated ash in additives and additive-containing lubricating oils (GB/T 2433—2001, ISO 3987:1994 EQV)
• GB/T 3535 Petroleum products—Determination of pour point (GB/T 3535—2006, ISO 3016:1994 MOD)
• GB/T 3536 Petroleum products—Determination of flash point and fire point—Cleveland open cup method (GB/T 3536—2008, ISO 2592:2000 MOD)
• GB/T 5096 Petroleum products—Copper strip corrosion test
• GB/T 6536 Petroleum products—Determination of distillation
• GB/T 6986 Petroleum—Determination of cloud point (GB/T 6986—1986, ISO 3015:1974 EQV)
• GB/T 11140 Determination of sulfur content in petroleum products—Wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry
• GB/T 12579 Lubricating oils—Determination of foaming characteristics (GB/T 12579—2002, ISO 6247:1998 EQV)
• GB/T 12583 Determination of extreme pressure properties of lubricants (four-ball method)
• GB/T 15894 Chemical reagent petroleum ether
• GB/T 17476 Determination of additive elements, wear metals and contaminants in used lubricating oils and certain elements in base oils (inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry)
• JB/T 51127 Medium and small power diesel engine bench… reliability assessment method (unclear in the source text, requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction))
• SH/T 0031 Diesel engine piston… method (unclear in the source text, requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction))
• SH/T 0189 Lubricating oil protection… determination method (four-ball machine method) (unclear in the source text, requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction))
• SH/T 0604 Determination of density of crude oil and petroleum products (U-shaped vibrating tube method) (SH/T 0604—2000, ISO 12185:1996 EQV)
• SH/T 0606 Determination of classified composition (mass spectrometry) (unclear in the source text, requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction))
• Note: In the source text, multiple occurrences of "CB/T" should be "GB/T" (requires confirmation against the source standard source-text extraction); "SHT 0031" should be "SH/T 0031"; "CB/10189" should be "GB/T 12583" or "SH/T 0189" (requires confirmation against the source standard source-text extraction).

13. Source and verification

This page is an AI translation of the available Chinese method card. Human verification is pending. It is not an official translation of the standard. Check the source standard and product certificate before use.

14. Quick Reference for Questions and Answers