NB/SH/T 0899-2015 Evaluation of Fuel Economy Performance of Automotive Engine Oils Procedure VIB Method

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Card type: Test method

1. Method number / full name / English name / replacement relationship

• Standard number: NB/SH/T 0899—2015
• Chinese name: Evaluation of Fuel Economy Performance of Automotive Engine Oils Procedure VIB Method
• English name: Standard test method for measurement of effects of automotive engine oils on fuel economy of passenger cars and light-duty trucks in sequence VIB spark ignition engine
• Replacement relationship: First release (original text: This standard is the first release)
• Adoption relationship: Modified adoption using the redrafting method of ASTM D6837—13
• Publication/implementation: Published on 2015-10-27, implemented on 2016-03-01
• Publishing unit: National Energy Administration
• Secretariat: National Technical Committee for Standardization of Petroleum Products and Lubricants, Subcommittee on Petroleum Fuels and Lubricants (SAC/TC280/SC1)
• Drafting unit: Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing
• Main drafters: Xing Jianqiang, Li Shaoyu, Lu Wentong, Wei Caitian (requires confirmation, source-text extraction), Liu Shuntao, Yang Benfeng, Zhang Zhenhua, Lin Lei

2. Scope of application and non-applicability

• This standard specifies a method for evaluating the effect of automotive engine oils on the fuel economy of passenger cars and light-duty trucks. The test installs a specified 4.6L gasoline engine on a dynamometer to evaluate the fuel economy of multigrade oils.
• Applicable to the fuel economy performance evaluation of API/ILSAC SJ/GF-2, SL/GF-3, SM/CF-4 grade gasoline engine oils.
• Note: The SJ grade gasoline engine oil uses a shortened test time method, which is listed in Appendix B.
• Not applicable: No explicit non-applicability clause is provided in the available source.

3. Method principle

• Install the 4.6L gasoline engine on a test bench with controllable speed, torque and other operating parameters (4.1).
• The test phase requires measuring the fuel consumption rate at five specified stable operating conditions of speed, torque and temperature. The test includes the measurement process of a baseline reference oil, test oil and repeated baseline reference oil, with a total test time of about 133h (4.2).
• The aged test oil can be directly compared with the ASTM BC SAE 5W-30 baseline reference oil (BC oil), and the BC oil is measured before and after the test oil; when switching between the test oil and the BC oil, flushing is performed without stopping the machine, and when switching the aged test oil to the BC oil, the BCFHD oil is used for cleaning (4.3).
• The test results are expressed as the percentage change in the fuel-specific consumption of the test oil relative to the baseline reference oil (4.4).
• Method application: Evaluate the energy-saving performance of gasoline engine oils under repeatable laboratory conditions, comparing the test oil with the BC oil (the BC oil is a SAE 5W-30 fully formulated lubricant), and there is a certain correlation with currently produced automobiles under the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) driving cycle (Chapter 5).

4. Reagents and materials (purity / preparation)

• 7.1 Engine oil
  • 7.1.1 BC oil: used for new engine break-in and also as the baseline reference oil to evaluate the test oil, viscosity grade SAE 5W-30. The amount used per test is about 38L.
  • 7.1.2 BCFHD oil: special flushing oil (a BC oil with enhanced solvency), used for flushing after the test oil test. The amount used per test is about 12L.
• 7.2 Fuel
  • 7.2.1 The test fuel specification is given in Appendix E.
  • 7.2.2 Ensure that the fuel storage tank is clean before filling with fuel oil.
  • 7.2.3 The laboratory needs to sample and analyze the fuel oil.
  • 7.2.4 Use the same batch of fuel for each test; when using a new batch, limited confirmatory tests are required; the fuel archive information should be indicated in the test report; if the laboratory storage tank has stored several different batches of fuel, the most recently stored fuel batch should be noted in the test report.
• 7.3 Engine coolant: a volume ratio of 1:1 of commercial additive-containing ethylene glycol coolant concentrate with distilled water or deionized water.
• 7.4 Cleaning materials
  • 7.4.1 Organic solvent Penmul I460 (requires confirmation, source-text extraction).
  • 7.4.2 Solvent: a solvent meeting the specifications of ASTM D 235 I type C series, or solvent naphtha No. 4 in GB 1922—2006, with an aromatic content by volume of 0~2%, a minimum flash point of 61°C, a Saybolt number of not less than +25 or a platinum-cobalt number of not more than 25. Each batch of solvent should have a manufacturer's certificate of analysis.
  • 7.4.3 Engine circulating cooling system cleaning agents include: 7.4.3.1 oxalic acid dihydrate; 7.4.3.2 alkylated naphthalene sodium salt Petro Dispersant 425; 7.4.3.3 light soda ash (for neutralization).
• Appendix E (normative appendix) Procedure VIB fuel specification (specific indicators are not provided in the available source).

5. Instruments and equipment

• 6.1 Overview: Specify the relevant hardware of the test bench, such as requiring the use of specified pumps, valves, heat exchangers, heaters and pipe diameters. The test method provides special part drawings, and the specified dimensions are used when making special parts.
• 6.2 Test engine configuration: 1993 year Ford 4.6L V-8 transmission with automatic overdrive (AODE) driving the engine. The front of the engine is higher than the rear, and the flywheel face perpendicularity is 3.60±0.5°. The angle of the connecting shaft universal joint relative to the vertical plane is not more than 2°, and it is maintained at 0° relative to the horizontal plane.
• 6.3 Laboratory environment: Keep it clean and dust-free, and the air supply system should avoid blowing directly on the test machine.
• 6.4 Engine speed and torque control: The dynamometer speed and torque control system should meet the requirements of Table 1; use a closed-loop control system to control speed by controlling the engine throttle, and control torque by controlling the dynamometer.
  • 6.4.1 Dynamometer: Use a 37kW 758 model dry dynamometer manufactured by Midwest or Eaton. The dynamometer cannot be replaced during reference oil tests or non-reference oil tests; if replacement is required, the test is terminated, and recalibration is performed after replacement.
  • 6.4.2.1 Dynamometer piezoelectric force sensor: Use 0–45kg weights for measurement; temperature stability Zero ≤0.001% FSO/°C, Span ≤0.001% FSO/°C; nonlinearity ≤0.05% FSO; temperature compensation range 10°C–49°C. Model Lebow 3397 has been verified to meet the requirements.
  • 6.4.2.2 Do not use the dynamometer piezoelectric force sensor for braking.
  • 6.4.2.3 Load cell temperature control: The air temperature in the load cell does not change with ambient temperature, control range ±6°C.
  • 6.4.2.4 Dynamometer and engine connection: Use a universal joint type connecting shaft.
• 6.5 Engine cooling system: The external cooling system is shown in Figures D.1~D.5, and it is required to control the jacket cooling temperature and flow rate.
  • 6.5.1 Install a pressurizing device and pressure cap on the top of the coolant storage tank (PC-1), and maintain the coolant external circulation system at 69.00 kPa±13.8kPa (requires confirmation, source-text extraction).
  • 6.5.2 The coolant pump should be able to provide a flow rate of 130 L/min. Use a Goulds G&L NPE type mechanical seal centrifugal water pump, power 1.47kW, speed 3450r/min.
  • 6.5.3 The cooling system components should meet the requirements of Figures D.1–D.5, and the pipe diameter dimensions are listed in Figures D.2–D.5.
  • 6.5.4 Use a ITT standard plate heat exchanger (HX-1), model 320-20, part number 5-686-06-020-001; or ITT model BP-420-20, part number 5-686-06-020-00 (requires confirmation, source-text extraction). Countercurrent flow is allowed.
    • 6.5.4.1 Replaceable heat exchanger: ITT model BP-420-20, part number 5-686-06-020-005, or ITT model BP-420-20, part number 5-686-06-020-007.
    • 6.5.4.2 Specified replaceable coolant circulation system ITT BGF 5-030-06-048-001.
  • 6.5.5 Install a metal pressure drop control disc (OP-1) on the bypass of heat exchanger HX-1, and it is required to provide a pressure drop equal to HX-1. When using the coolant circulation system of Figure D.3, it is not necessary to install OP-1.
  • 6.5.6 Install a throttle plate (FE-103) in the coolant circulation system, Daniel series 30RT, 1½NPT. It is required that at a flow rate of 130 L/min, the pressure drop head is 1 kPa±0.50kPa (requires confirmation, source-text extraction).
  • 6.5.7 Install a coolant flow control valve (TCV-104) to control the coolant flow through the coolant heat exchanger and bypass. Use Badger Meter model 9003TCW36SV3AxxL36 pneumatic valve (pneumatic closed), or model 9003TCW369V1AxxL36 three-way pneumatic ball diverter valve (pneumatic open). Use Badger Meter model 9003TCW36SV3A29L36 pneumatic valve (pneumatic closed), or model 9003TCW36SV1A29L36 pneumatic valve with a CV value of 16 (pneumatic open). When using the alternative system (Figure D.3), installation of TCV104 is not required.
  • 6.5.8 Coolant flow regulating valve FCV-103 ensures a coolant flow rate of 130 L/min ±4L/min.
  • 6.5.9 Use a pressure sensor (DPT-1) of model Ian 274/374 (requires confirmation, source-text extraction), Validyne model DP15, or Rosemount model 1151 to measure coolant flow.
  • 6.5.10 Use a closing plate to close the engine water pump port or modify the water pump, water pump part number OHT6A-014-A.
  • 6.5.11 Install a coolant overflow container and sight glass.
  • 6.5.12 Install a coolant flow control valve TCV-101 to control the coolant water flow through the heat exchanger HX-1, using Badger Meter model 9001CCW36SV3Axxx36 (pneumatic closed) or 9001GCW36SV1Axxx36 two-way control valve.
  • 6.5.13 Install 1 1½in NPT visual observation window on the main line of the coolant circulation system.
  • 6.5.14 Brass, copper, or stainless steel materials are recommended.
  • 6.5.15 Materials related to lines for circulating water, hot water, chilled water, compressed air, coolant external circulation system, etc., are to be determined by the laboratory itself.
  • 6.5.16 The coolant circulation system should have a lowest drain point; before adding new coolant each time, first drain the flushing line water completely.
• 6.6 External oil system: An external oil system as shown in Figure D.7 and Figure D.8 is required, including two independent systems: (1) oil change without shutdown system; (2) external circulation temperature control system. The engine oil pan is part of the external oil system.
  • 6.6.1 Oil change without shutdown system: Equipped with an oil extraction pump and 6.0L waste oil storage tank; the oil pan float control switch ensures that the amount of new oil entering meets the test requirements.
  • 6.6.2 External circulation temperature control system: The amount of oil flowing through the heater and cooler is controlled by a proportional control valve, controlling the oil temperature within the required range, with rapid response to the four main oil gallery temperatures required by the program. During oil change without shutdown, place the control valve in the middle position.
  • 6.6.3 Except for the waste oil drain system, copper-containing materials should not be used in the oil circulation system.
  • 6.6.4 Oil change without shutdown system components:
    • 6.6.4.1 Oil extraction pump (P-3): Viking company 475 series model 475M coupled-connection cam pump, speed 1140~1150 r/min, power at least 0.56kW.
    • 6.6.4.2 Three oil storage tanks are recommended, each with a volume of at least 19L, separately storing BC oil, BCFHD oil, and test oil.
    • 6.6.4.3 The oil storage tank is equipped with one agitator.
    • 6.6.4.4 The oil storage tank is equipped with one controllable heater, which can heat the oil to 107°C±2.8°C.
    • 6.6.4.5 The waste oil tank volume is at least 6L.
    • 6.6.4.6 Install a float control switch (FIS-136) in the oil tank; Gems series model ALS79999 and Catalog part number A79999, 20VA high-temperature float control switch have been verified to meet the requirements.
    • 6.6.4.7 Use oil lines with the specified pipe diameter.
  • 6.6.5 External circulation temperature control system components:
    • 6.6.5.1 When the oil pan reaches the maximum oil storage capacity, the total system oil volume is 6.0L.
    • 6.6.5.2 Install a float control switch (FIS-152) on the engine oil pan; it is required to use Gems series model AIS79999 or Catalog part number A79999, 20VA high-temperature float control switch.
    • 6.6.5.3 Oil external circulation positive displacement pump (P-4): Viking 4125 series model G4125 bottom-mounted pump without pressure relief valve, speed 1140~1150 r/min, power at least 0.56kW.
    • 6.6.5.4 Solenoid valves (FCV-150A, FCV-150C, FCV-150D, FCV-150E, FCV-150F): Burkert 251 plunger-type valve with 312 solenoid valve (or 2000 plunger-type valve with 311/330 solenoid valve). FCV-150A normally closed, 3/4in pipe diameter; FCV-150C normally open, 1/2in pipe diameter; FCV-150D/E/F normally closed, 1/2in pipe diameter. Only one type can be used on a test bench.
    • 6.6.5.5 Control valve TCV-144: Badger Meter model 1002TBN36SVOSALN36 three-way ball valve, pipe diameter 1/2inch (12.70mm), pneumatically opened.
    • 6.6.5.6 TCV-145 control valve is optional.
    • 6.6.5.7 Heat exchanger HX-6: ITT model 310-20 or ITT Bell & Gossett model BP-25-20 (part number 5-686-04-020-001). New part numbers 410-20 and 5-686-04-020-002.
    • 6.6.5.8 Oil heater EH-5: The heating element is immersed in a liquid low-melting-point lead alloy and placed in the Labeco heater shell. Use 3000W heating elements. Recommended Chromolox part number GIC-MTT-330XX, 230V, or Emerson model MTS-230A, part number 156-019136-014, 240V. Install a thermocouple in the heater, inserted into the lead alloy to a depth of 244.48mm±3.18mm. The maximum heater temperature is 205°C. For the heating element replacement procedure, see Appendix E (requires confirmation against the source standard, source-text extraction, the source text here writes Appendix E, but in the table of contents Appendix E is fuel specifications).
    • 6.6.5.9 Install two oil filters (FIL-2): Oberg or Racor model LFS-60 filter housing, with 28μm stainless steel filter element (part number LFS 6028). Alternatively, use LFS-62 housing with LFS 6028 filter element. The two filters should be of the same model. One is placed after the outlet of the external circulation pump, and the other is placed before the inlet of the main oil gallery. Replacement of LFS-62 should be before the reference oil calibration engine test.
    • 6.6.5.10 The oil pipe diameter is as shown in Figure D.8.
    • 6.6.5.11 Use a modified oil filter base assembly, part number OHT6A-007-1.
    • 6.6.5.12 Oil lines should use stainless steel pipes or high-temperature-resistant hoses. For hoses, use Aeroquip 8 number (part number 2807-8) or 10 number (part number 2807-10).
    • 6.6.5.13 The oil external circulation system should use insulation material, with a maximum thermal conductivity of 0.0398 W/(m·K) at an average temperature of 32.2°C.
    • 6.6.5.14 Oil pan: Ford part number F1AZ-6675-A or F2AZ-6675-A, modified part number OHT6A-006-1. Install an oil baffle (Figure D.14); the baffle is located on the left side of the oil pan, bent sideways 45°, with the upper edge bent toward the front end of the engine 23°. Install a float control switch (FLS-152, Gems ALS79999).
    • 6.6.5.15 Oil pump strainer and oil extraction pipe: Cut off the oil pump oil extraction pipe, weld a 15cm~18cm stainless steel pipe extending out of the oil pan. Part number OHT6A-008-1. Lock nut S5-1210-1-8, 3/4in; fitting 1/2in. Use double nylon sealing rings (T-1213-1 and T-1214-1).
    • 6.6.5.16 Engine oil level control: Install a visible glass tube to monitor the oil level height and calculate oil consumption. For measurement and calibration procedures, see Appendix I (requires confirmation against the source standard, source-text extraction).
• 6.7 Fuel system: As shown in Figure D.17, including fuel measurement equipment, ensuring that fuel enters the engine fuel rail at the specified temperature and pressure.
  • 6.7.1 At least 100mm hose should be retained at the outlet and inlet connections of the fuel flow meter. The fuel supply line from the flow meter outlet to the fuel rail should be a stainless steel pipe or gasoline supply hose. The return oil pipe inner diameter is at least 6.35mm.
  • 6.7.2 Fuel flow meter: It is specified to use Micro Motion D-6 type mass flow meter (installed with RFT9712 or RFT9739 sensor), or CMF010 type mass flow meter (installed with RFT9739 sensor). The sensor should be installed horizontally or vertically. Fuel consumption rate is expressed in kg/(kW·h), calculated using the average value of 100s~120s.
  • 6.7.3 Temperature and pressure control at the fuel flow meter: As shown in Table 1. The fuel pressure regulator PRG 116 should be able to safely relieve pressure, or the pressure relief valve PRV 113 and PRG 116 are connected in parallel.
  • 6.7.4 Temperature and pressure control at the fuel rail inlet: As shown in Table 1.
  • 6.7.5 Fuel pump: Use an automotive fuel pump, Ford part number E7TF-9C407 or E7TC-9C407. Minimum fuel outlet pressure 205kPa, maximum 310kPa.
  • 6.7.6 Fuel filtration: The fuel supplied to the test bench should be filtered.
• 6.8 Engine intake system: Provide 4.0m³/min flow of air to the intake air filter. Intake humidity 11.4 g/kg±0.8g/kg, intake temperature 27°C±2°C, intake pressure 0.05 kPa±0.02 kPa.
  • 6.8.1 Intake humidity calculation formula (1): H = 621.98 × (Psat/(Pbar - Psat)), where Psat is saturated vapor pressure/mmHg, Pbar is atmospheric pressure/mmHg.
  • 6.8.2 Intake filtration: The intake system should have a filtration function.
  • 6.8.3 Intake pressure relief: Install an intake pressure relief device before the intake filter element.
• 6.9 Temperature measurement: Constantine J type thermocouples are recommended; K type may also be used. All thermocouples (excluding those in the oil heater) should be equipped with compensating wires. Thermocouple diameter 3.2mm, when inserted into the middle of the fluid, the exposed part should not exceed 50mm. Thermocouples produced by Leeds, Northrup, Conax, Omega, and Revere may be used, meeting ANSI MC96.1-1975. The system should have the ability to calibrate thermocouples to ±0.56°C.
  • 6.9.5.1 Main oil gallery inlet temperature: The thermocouple is inserted into the modified oil filter base, with the tip flush with the filter base surface.
  • 6.9.5.2 Oil circulation temperature: Installed on the return oil connector of the external circulation system at the rear of the oil pan.
  • 6.9.5.3 Engine coolant inlet temperature: The tip is placed in the middle of the coolant fluid, no more than 150mm from the inlet.
  • 6.9.5.4 Engine coolant outlet temperature: The tip is placed in the middle of the coolant fluid at the return pipe elbow, no more than 80mm from the outlet.
  • 6.9.5.5 Intake temperature: Placed near the outlet of the intake filter assembly.
  • 6.9.5.6 Fuel flow meter temperature: Placed 10mm~500mm before the flow meter inlet.
  • 6.9.5.7 Fuel rail temperature: placed in the middle of a tee or cross fitting, at least 150mm or more after the fuel pump, and within 150mm from the fuel rail inlet.
  • 6.9.5.8 Dynamometer piezoelectric force sensor load cell temperature: placed inside the load cell.
• 6.10 Air-fuel ratio measurement: use an air-fuel ratio analyzer to measure the engine air-fuel ratio, requiring continuous operation 30min. Measurement range AFY (H/C=1.85, O/C=0.00), measurement accuracy ±0.1. Sensor applicable exhaust temperature -7°C~900°C. Horiba model MEXA 110 meets the requirements.
• 6.11 Exhaust and exhaust backpressure system:
  • 6.11.1 Exhaust manifold: cast iron exhaust manifold. Right exhaust pipe part number Ford F1AZ-9430 or F1AE-9430 (Casting part number RF F1AE-9430-BB); left exhaust pipe part number Ford F1AZ-9431 or F1AE-9431 (Casting part number RF F1AE-9431-BB).
  • 6.11.2 Laboratory exhaust system: as shown in Figure D.19, the downstream part is designed and installed by the laboratory.
  • 6.11.3 Exhaust backpressure: controlled according to the requirements of Table 1. The measuring pipe and position are shown in Figure D.19 and Figure D.20.
• 6.12 Pressure measurement and sensor locations:
  • 6.12.1 Install a condenser in the line between the pressure measurement point and the sensor. The sensor height should be as consistent as possible with the pressure measurement point.
  • 6.12.2 Main oil gallery pressure: the measurement point is on the oil filter base, resolution 6.9kPa, accuracy 1%.
  • 6.12.3 Fuel pressure at the fuel flow meter: the measurement point is within 5m from the flow meter inlet (requires confirmation against the source standard, source-text extraction), accuracy 3.5 kPa.
  • 6.12.4 Fuel pressure at the fuel rail: the measurement point is at least 150mm from the fuel pump outlet, and within 150mm from the fuel rail inlet, accuracy 3.5 kPa.
  • 6.12.5 Exhaust backpressure: the measurement point is shown in Figure D.19, accuracy within 2% of full scale, resolution 25Pa.
  • 6.12.6 Intake pressure: the measurement point is shown in Figure D.17, accuracy within 2% of full scale, resolution 5.0Pa.
  • 6.12.7 Intake manifold vacuum: the measurement point is on the throttle body base, accuracy within 1% of full scale, resolution 0.68kPa.
  • 6.12.8 Coolant flow differential pressure: see 6.5.9.
  • 6.12.9 Crankcase pressure: the measurement point is shown in Figure D.21.
• 6.13 Engine hardware and related components:
  • 6.13.1 Test engine: 1993 year 4.6L Ford V-8 engine, purchased as a complete unit, should not be disassembled.
  • 6.13.2 Engine control module (ECM/EEC): modified ECM/EEC IV, part number OHT6A-002-1, Ford part name SMO-100.
  • 6.13.3 Thermostat/orifice plate: use an orifice plate instead of the thermostat, part number OHT6A-004-1.
  • 6.13.4 Intake manifold: part number F1AZ-9424-C, F1AE-9424 or F1AE-9425, block the intake manifold cooling bypass.
  • 6.13.5 Flywheel: part number F6ZZ-6375-AB, modified to connect to the connecting shaft.
  • 6.13.6 Wiring harness: fuel injector wiring harness part number F3VB-12522, F3VB-12A522, F3AB-12A522, F2AZ-9D930-A, 3AZ-12A522, F3BL-12A522 or F3BL-12A52; ECM/EEC wiring harness part number OHT6A-001-1.
  • 6.13.7 Exhaust gas recirculation control (EGR) baffle: remove the EGR valve, install the baffle, cut off the EGR line at the exhaust manifold, and block the EGR outlet.
  • 6.13.8 Oil pan: part number F1AZ-6675-A or F2AZ-6675-A, modified according to 6.6.5.14.
  • 6.13.9 Oil pump strainer and oil suction pipe: part number F2AZ-6622, modified according to 6.6.5.15.
  • 6.13.10 Idle control solenoid (ISC) baffle: remove ISC, install the baffle.
  • 6.13.11 Engine water pump: modified or replaced, see 6.5.10 for details.
  • 6.13.12 Thermostat housing: modify part number F1VY-8592-A or F1AE-8594, or purchase OHT6A-010-1.
  • 6.13.13 Oil filter base: modify part number F1AZ-6881, F1AE-6881 or F1AE-6884, or purchase OHT6A-009-1.
  • 6.13.14 Fuel rail: part number F2AZ-9F792-A or F2AE-9F792, modify the fuel rail inlet and outlet.
• 6.14 Other related instruments:
  • 6.14.1 Ignition timing light: use an inductive type ignition timing light. Warning: some models may read double the actual value.

6. Recommended operating conditions

Table 1 Procedure VIB test operating conditions (Stage 1~Stage 5):

Control parameters required under all operating conditions:

• Temperature/°C: oil circulation temperature recorded; coolant outlet temperature recorded; intake air temperature 27±2; fuel flow meter temperature 20~30 (maximum variation not greater than 4); fuel rail temperature 20±2; dynamometer piezoelectric force sensor load cell temperature, temperature difference per stage not greater than 12; oil heater temperature less than 205.
• Pressure/kPa: intake pressure 0.05±0.02; fuel flow meter pressure greater than 100; fuel rail pressure 205~310; intake vacuum recorded; exhaust backpressure (absolute pressure) 104.00±0.17; main oil gallery oil pressure recorded; crankcase vacuum 0.00±0.25.
• Flow: coolant flow/(L/min) 130±4; fuel flow/(kg/h) recorded; intake air humidity/(gr/kg) 11.4±0.8; air-fuel ratio 14.00~15.00; air-fuel ratio each stage; ignition timing/BTDC 20±2.
• Note: The target of the control parameters is the required intermediate value; parameters requiring strict measurement and control; timing starts when the temperature reaches the set point; the readings for the entire test are the maximum stage average and the average of each stage of the test.

Table 2 Procedure VIB test flush stage and aging stage operating conditions (source-text extraction some data missing, requires confirmation against the source standard):

• Flush stage: speed 1500±5, torque 98.00±0.10, main oil gallery temperature 125±2, coolant inlet temperature 105±2, oil circulation temperature recorded, coolant outlet temperature recorded, intake air temperature 27±2, fuel flow meter temperature 20–30, fuel rail temperature 20±2, intake pressure 0.05±0.02, fuel flow meter pressure ≥100, fuel rail pressure 205–310, intake vacuum recorded, exhaust backpressure 104.00±0.20, main oil gallery oil pressure recorded, crankcase vacuum 0.00±0.25, coolant flow 130±4, fuel flow recorded, intake air humidity recorded, air-fuel ratio 14.00~15.00, ignition advance 20±2.
• First stage aging: speed 1500±5, torque 98.00±0.10, main oil gallery temperature 125±2, coolant inlet temperature 105±2, the rest same as above.
• Second stage aging: speed 1500±5, torque 98.00±0.10, main oil gallery temperature 135±2, coolant inlet temperature 105±2, the rest same as above.
• Note: The target of the control parameters is the required intermediate value; timing starts when the temperature reaches the set point; temperature fluctuation range is ±3°C.

Table 3 Procedure VIB new engine break-in procedure:

7. Sampling and specimen preparation

• 7.2.3 The laboratory needs to sample and analyze the fuel oil.
• 11.5.20 Oil consumption and sampling during aging stage II: During the 80h aging process, observe the engine oil level; the maximum oil consumption is 1900mL. If it is greater than 1900mL, the test is invalid. After recording the oil consumption, take a 120mL oil sample from the oil heater drain port for viscosity analysis (see 13.2.10).
• 13.2.10 Kinematic viscosity of the test oil: Use GB/T 265 to measure the kinematic viscosity of the test oil at 40°C and 100°C; sampling is shown in Table 3 (requires confirmation against the source standard, source-text extraction, the original text writes Table 3, but viscosity sampling may refer to another table); take new oil and test oil aged through stage 80h.
• 11.1.2 Flushing effect verification: Use the ICP (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry) method to analyze the molybdenum content in the BC oil after flushing with flushing oil, to check whether the flushing effect of 99% is achieved. Verification uses ASTM FM oil or other suitable lubricating oil containing molybdenum.
• 11.1.2.6–11.1.2.11 Oil sample collection: Drain the dead-zone oil of 118mL, take the 118mL oil sample as oil samples 1–5, and add the dead-zone oil back into the engine.
• 11.1.2.12 Oil sample analysis: Use the GB/T 17476 method to analyze the molybdenum content in the new oil sample and oil samples 1~5 (the comparison oil samples are oil sample 5 and oil sample 1).

8. Analysis Procedure

• 11.1 Preparation before starting a new engine: Check and calibrate the engine ignition timing according to the conditions in Table 2.
  • 11.1.1 External oil system: After installing a new engine, clean the external oil system (see 8.2.2). A new test bench requires verification of the flushing effect.
  • 11.1.2 Flushing effect verification: For a newly built VIB bench or a bench modified with an oil change system, verify the flushing effect of the on-the-fly oil change system. Use the ICP method to analyze the molybdenum content in the BC oil, to check whether the flushing effect of 99% is achieved.
  • 11.1.3 Preparation before refueling: Check the equipment and lubricating oil lines to ensure correct installation and tightening, including the on-the-fly oil change system.
  • 11.1.4 Refuel the engine for coolant flushing: Check the two oil filters to ensure they are clean and the gaskets are intact. Add 6.0L BC oil to the engine.
  • 11.1.5 Add coolant for coolant flushing: The coolant flowmeter Venturi tube should be isolated from the line when adding coolant.
  • 11.1.6 Ratio of coolant system cleaning agent additive to water: 1L water contains 23g oxalic acid and 1g dispersant 425.