SH/T 0064-1991 Test method for free water and particulate contaminants in distillate fuels

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Card type: Test method

1. Method number / full title / English name / replacement relationship

• Standard number: SH/T 0064-1991 (the source text contains writings such as "SHIT 0064-9", "SH/T 0064-91", "SH/T 0064- 91"; the standard number shall be based on the file name SHT-0064-1991; year number 1991)
• Standard Chinese title: Test method for free water and particulate contaminants in distillate fuels
• English name: not provided in the available source
• Replacement relationship: not provided in the available source
• Other: the source text marks "(2001) year confirmed"; reference adoption of ASTM D 4176-86
• Method composition: Method A (field test), Method B (laboratory test)

2. Scope of application and non-applicability

• Scope of application: This standard specifies a rapid, non-quantitative method for visually inspecting the presence of free water and particulate contaminants in samples. It is applicable to distillate fuels with a final boiling point lower than 399℃ and a GB/T 6540 color lighter than No. 5 under field or laboratory conditions at a specified temperature.
• Non-applicability/limitations:
  • When fuel field tests are conducted at very low ambient temperatures or below the fuel cloud point temperature, a small amount of solid wax particles may be confused with the haze or turbidity caused by water.
  • If a fuel with a GB/T 6540 color darker than No. 5 is used for the test, the presence of free water or particulate matter may make it difficult for the observer to see clearly or may cause erroneous results.
• Method A is used for field tests; Method B is used for laboratory tests.

3. Method principle

• 4.1 Method A: Field test method. Place a 500mL sample into a 1L test container, rotate the test container, and visually inspect the sample below the vortex formed by rotation for water or particulate contaminants. Also, immediately complete the visual inspection of sample transparency at the sampling location and under ambient temperature conditions.
• 4.2 Method B: Laboratory test method. Allow the sample to reach temperature equilibrium in a room at 25℃±1℃ (laboratories without this condition may use a constant-temperature water bath). Then transfer a 500mL sample into a 1L test container, rotate the test container in the same way as in Method A, and visually inspect the sample for water or particulate contaminants and the transparency of the sample.
• Safety note (source text): Because distillate fuels are flammable liquids, keep away from heat sources, sparks, and open flames during testing, avoid prolonged breathing of oil vapor or oil mist, avoid prolonged or repeated skin contact, keep containers closed, and maintain good ventilation.

4. Reagents and materials (purity / preparation)

not provided in the available source.

5. Apparatus and equipment

• 5.1 Test container: transparent cylindrical glass container, capacity 1.0L±0.1L, diameter 150mm±10mm, see the figure below (the source text includes a "test container figure"; the source-text extraction dimension annotations include "60/25", "proposed 50±1", etc.; the specific figure captions require confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction)).
• 5.2 Graduated cylinder: 500mL.

6. Recommended operating conditions

• Method A: Conduct immediately at the sampling location and under ambient temperature conditions.
• Method B: The sample reaches temperature equilibrium in a room at 25℃±1℃ (laboratories without this condition may use a constant-temperature water bath); another temperature mutually agreed upon by the interested parties may also be used. The selected temperature should not be lower than the storage and use temperature of the sample; too low a temperature may cause water released from the sample to form a water mist; note that the selected temperature should represent actual application conditions.
• In 7.2, the test temperature for Method B appears in the source text as "2℃±1℃" and in 8.2 as "2'Ctl℃", etc., which is inconsistent with "25℃±1℃" in 4.2 and 6.3.3; this is suspected to be source-text extraction noise and requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction).

7. Sampling and sample preparation

• 6.1 Sampling shall be performed according to Method GB/T 4756.
• 6.2 Method A—— The sample for the field test shall be taken directly into the test container according to the following steps:
  • 6.2.1 Ensure that the sampler and sampling valve have no loose solid contaminants; if rust and other loose debris are present, wipe clean with a cloth (to avoid introducing unexpected particulate matter into the sample). Then flush the sampling valve before taking the sample.
  • 6.2.2 Rinse a clean test container thoroughly with the sample to be taken.
  • 6.2.3 Measure 500mL of sample into the test container as quickly as possible to prevent the water and particulate matter originally present in the sample from settling, which could prevent them from being sampled and affect the observation results.
• 6.3 Method B—— The sample for the laboratory test is generally taken from a portion of a large sample used for full analysis or partial specification testing:
  • 6.3.1 After the sample arrives at the laboratory, shake it by hand or preferably with a mechanical shaker for 10min to ensure uniformity.
  • 6.3.2 Take two 500mL samples and place one in each of two clean test containers.
  • 6.3.3 Then cover the test containers and store them in a dark place in a room at 25℃±1℃ or another temperature mutually agreed upon by the interested parties.
  • 6.3.4 When the sample has reached the specified 25℃±1℃ or another designated temperature, remove the sample and immediately conduct the test. The time required to reach the required temperature depends on the initial temperature of the sample; the experimenter will learn from practice approximately how long it takes, but the temperature of the sample after equilibration should still be checked before the experiment.

8. Analysis procedure

• 7.1 Method A—— Conduct the test immediately on the sample taken for the field test. This is done by taking the sample to a bright place and visually inspecting it for haze and opacity. Inspect the sample by rotating the test container to create a vortex and visually checking the bottom of the vortex for water or particulate matter. Record whether the visual transparency is "clear and transparent" or "not clear and transparent", and record whether water or particulate matter is seen at the bottom of the vortex.
• 7.2 Method B—— When the temperature of the sample placed in the test container reaches 2℃±1℃ (requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction), see Section 6) or another specified temperature ±1℃, the test shall be conducted in the same manner as specified in Clause 7.1. Use only one of the two samples for the test; the second sample is kept as a backup in case the first sample is lost. If water or particulate matter or both are found in the first sample, the second sample can also be used for quantitative determination of water and particulate matter; if the total water content and particulate contaminant content are to be known, they can be determined using GB/T 11133 and SH/T 0093 respectively.

9. Qualitative and quantitative determination and calculation formulas

• This method is a rapid, non-quantitative visual inspection method; no calculation formula is provided in the available source.
• Qualitative determination (8.3): When visual observation shows that the sample is "clear and transparent" and no water or particulate matter is observed at the bottom of the vortex, report the result as pass; if either of the above two conditions is not met, report the result as fail and record the reason for failure.
• Detection capability note (source text): Limited laboratory evaluation results for samples that indeed fail the "clear and transparent" criterion indicate that an experienced tester can detect at least 40ppm of free water in the sample (the source text reads "40ppn】", suspected to be source-text extraction noise, requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction)).

10. Precision

not provided in the available source.

11. Report

• 8.1 The report shall state the sample type, the source of the sample (sampling location), the date and time of sampling, and the date and time of testing.
• 8.2 When Method A is applied, the report shall also state the approximate temperature at which the test was conducted; when Method B is applied, the test temperature need only be noted if it differs from the specified 2℃±1℃ (requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction), see Section 6).
• 8.3 When visual observation shows that the sample is "clear and transparent" and no water or particulate matter is observed at the bottom of the vortex, report the result as pass. If either of the above two conditions is not met, report the result as fail and record the reason for failure.
• 8.4 Any abnormal or special phenomena shall be recorded and reported. For example: particularly severe contamination by water or solid particles, or observation difficulties caused by a fuel color darker than usual, shall be recorded.

12. Referenced documents

• GB/T 4756 Manual sampling method for petroleum liquids
• GB/T 6540 Determination of color of petroleum products
• GB/T 11133 Determination of water content in liquid petroleum products (Karl Fischer method)
• SH/T 0093 Determination of solid particulate contaminants in jet fuel
• Reference adoption: ASTM D 4176-86 (Test method for free water and particulate contaminants in distillate fuels)

13. Source and verification

This page is an AI translation of the available Chinese method card. Human verification is pending. It is not an official translation of the standard. Check the source standard and product certificate before use.

14. Quick-reference Q&A