SH/T 0307-1992 Determination of Wear Characteristics of Petroleum-Based Hydraulic Oils (Vane Pump Method)

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Card type: Test method

1. Method Number / Full Name / English Name / Replacement Relationship

• Standard number: SH/T 0307-92
• Chinese name: Determination of Wear Characteristics of Petroleum-Based Hydraulic Oils (Vane Pump Method)
• English name: not provided in the available source
• Replacement relationship: replaces SY 2692-84
• Reference adoption: ASTM D2882—1974 "Test Method for Petroleum-Based Hydraulic Oils by Vane Pump"
• Technical committee: Technical coordination by the Research Institute of Petroleum Processing
• Drafting organization: Dalian Petrochemical Company
• Main drafter: Yu Zhiming
• Approval/implementation: approved by China Petrochemical Corporation 1992-05-20, implemented on 1992-05-20

2. Scope of Application and Non-Applicability

• Applicable to the determination of the anti-wear characteristics of petroleum-based hydraulic oils.
• Not applicable: not provided in the available source (only the precision note states that the precision for other types of hydraulic oils has not yet been determined).

3. Method Principle

The sample is circulated through a rotary vane pump apparatus 100 h, with working conditions of 13720±274.4 kPa, 1200±60 r/min. When the sample 40 ℃ viscosity is 50.6 mm²/s or lower than 50.6 mm²/s, the test temperature is 65.6±3 ℃; when the viscosity is greater than 50.6 mm²/s, the test temperature is 79.5±3 ℃. The total wear of the pump (the mass loss of the stator and vanes in milligrams during the test) is used as the test result. The total amount of sample used for one test is 20 L.

4. Reagents and Materials (Purity / Preparation)

• 4.2.1 Kerosene: complies with GB 1922, grade 260.
• 4.2.2 Benzene: complies with GB 3405.
• 4.2.3 Solvent naphtha: complies with GB 1922, grade 190.
• 5 Reagent: petroleum ether, 60～90 ℃, analytical reagent.
• Preparation method: not provided in the available source.

5. Instruments and Equipment

• 4.1.1 Drive system: minimum power 11 kW.
• 4.1.2 Removable pump cartridge type vane pump: under the conditions of 6860 kPa, 1200 r/min, 49 ℃, the flow rate of a Vickers 104C or 105C pump is 28.4 L/min.
• 4.1.3 Oil tank: volume 18.9 L, with a 60 mesh filter screen at the outlet.
• 4.1.4 Pump outlet pressure control valve.
• 4.1.5 Temperature control device.
• 4.1.6 Temperature indicator: with a suitable sensing element, used to indicate the pump inlet and outlet temperatures.
• 4.1.7 Pump inlet and outlet pressure indicators.
• 4.1.8 Heat exchange system (heating and cooling): minimum heat exchange area 1.4 m² (the source text reads "1.4m", suspected to be m², requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction)).
• 4.1.9 Intermediate oil filter of 25 μm (the source text reads "25gm", suspected to be 25 μm, requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction)).
• 4.1.10 Flow measurement device.
• 4.1.11 Safety system for low oil level, high and low temperature, high and low pressure, low water pressure, and motor overload.
• The test system connections are shown in Figure 1; the pump body and overall assembly diagrams are shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3.

6. Recommended Operating Conditions

• 6.3.1 The bottom of the oil tank must be at least 457 mm above the centerline of the pump casing inlet.
• 6.3.2 The cooler should be installed on the pump centerline so that the sample can be drained well.
• 6.3.3 The pump inlet temperature is used as the basis for the test temperature.
• 6.3.4 The test pump should rotate clockwise (viewed from the drive shaft end of the pump).
• 6.3.5 The oil return line should extend into the oil receiving bowl below the oil tank liquid level.
• Test pressure: 13720±274.4 kPa.
• Rotational speed: 1200±60 r/min.
• Test temperature: 40 ℃ when the viscosity is ≤50.6 mm²/s, it is 65.6±3 ℃; when >50.6 mm²/s, it is 79.5±3 ℃.
• Test duration: continuous operation for 100 h.

7. Sampling and Sample Preparation

• 7.1.13 Add 11.4 L of clean sample to the oil tank.
• The total amount of sample used for one test is 20 L.
• Other sampling and preparation requirements: not provided in the available source.

8. Analytical Procedure

8.1 Cleaning the Test System

• 7.1.1 Pour out the sample from the oil receiving bowl, open the main drain valve and all low-point oil valves, and drain most of the used sample.
• 7.1.2 Install a used but still serviceable pump cartridge into the pump casing as required by 8.1～8.4, for circulating the cleaning liquid.
• 7.1.3 Close the oil tank outlet valve, add 6～8 L of kerosene, and cover the oil tank lid. Note: Generally, cleaning once with kerosene is sufficient; if the oil tank and lines are contaminated with oxidized oil, other solvents may be used; if the cleaning liquid is turbid or dark after the first cleaning, re-cleaning is required.
• 7.1.4 Close all oil drain valves and the vent valve at the oil tank inlet, open the water supply valve, and open the oil tank outlet valve to allow the cleaning liquid to fill the pump and the low-lying lines in the system.
• 7.1.5 Fully open the pressure control valve.
• 7.1.6 Gently push the pump's "on" and "off" switches, observe the system for leaks or other abnormalities, until there is no air in the liquid. Note: If the liquid in the oil tank cannot be visually inspected, degassing can be judged by the disappearance of pump noise.
• 7.1.7 Start the pump, and after the ammeter responds, raise the pressure to 6860 kPa (each time the pump is started, the pressure should be raised after the ammeter responds), and circulate the cleaning liquid through the system for 0.5 h at a rotational speed of 1200 r/min and a temperature maintained at 38～43 ℃.
• 7.1.8 Completely drain the cleaning liquid from the test system.
• 7.1.9 Repeat steps 7.1.3～7.1.8 with 6～8 L of sample.
• 7.1.10 Clean the 25 μm filter element and filter housing with kerosene or benzene, blow dry, and reinstall in place. Note: Judge the degree of clogging of the 60 mesh and 25 μm oil filters based on the changes in pump inlet and outlet pressures at no load; if clogging with gum and impurities is severe, the filter element may be cleaned with benzene; generally, the 60 mesh oil filter should be cleaned once every 10 tests.
• 7.1.11 Remove the pump cartridge used for cleaning from the pump body, observe the sealing condition of the pump, including the drive spline shaft, the inner and outer bearings of the shaft, and the cover seals, and replace any questionable parts. Note: The pump casing and shaft need not be frequently removed when operating with the same type of oil, but after five runs, the wear condition must be carefully inspected.
• 7.1.12 Close the oil tank outlet valve and all sample drain valves.
• 7.1.13 Add 11.4 L of clean sample to the oil tank.

8.2 Preparation of a New Test Pump Cartridge

• 7.2.1 Take out a set of new test pump cartridges, inspect all parts, remove burrs with a fine oilstone, and replace any parts with scratches, abrasions, or other defects that could affect performance. The pump cartridge dimensions should comply with: vane length smaller than rotor thickness by 0.0025～0.015 mm; rotor thickness smaller than stator thickness by 0.018～0.036 mm.
• 7.2.2 Clean each part of the pump cartridge with kerosene or solvent naphtha, then rinse the stator and vane set with petroleum ether, and dry in air.
• 7.2.3 Weigh the mass of the stator and vane set separately (weighed to 1 mg), and record.

8.3 Test Procedure

• 8.1 Assemble the test pump cartridge, coat all parts with a layer of sample, determine the direction and position of the oil distribution plate, stator, and rotor according to the direction indicated by the arrow, and insert the vanes so that their chamfers are on the rear side in the direction of rotation.
• 8.2 Insert the positioning pins, with the large head of the pin exposed about 3.2 mm outside the outer oil distribution plate.
• 8.3 Install the prepared pump cartridge into the pump casing, and slowly rotate it to the right by hand using the guide pin (the hole is at the pump inlet centerline), so that the pump cartridge is fully seated; at this time, the large head of the pin still protrudes 3.2 mm outside the outer oil distribution plate.
• 8.4 Align the pin holes, install the pump cover and gasket, and use a torque wrench in the symmetrical sequence of 1, 5, 3, 7, 2, 6, 4, 8, tightening the 8 end cover screws in increments of 0.98～1.23 N·m each time, until the pump closes, at which point the torque is about 11.5～17.2 N·m. Record the final torque, loosen the end cover screws until the main shaft is completely free, then retighten the screws in increments of 0.98～1.23 N·m each time, until it is 0.98～1.23 N·m lower than the previous final torque. When the main shaft is gently pulled, the pump should rotate freely.
• 8.5 Open the oil tank outlet valve to fill the pump casing and the lower lines in the system with sample.
• 8.6 Set the control temperature, open the water valve; at this time the solenoid valve is in the closed state, open the pressure control valve, and check whether the vent valve on the oil tank lid and all oil drain valves are closed.
• 8.7 Gently push the motor "on" and "off" switches, pay attention to system leaks, remove air, allow the sample to return to the oil tank, and set the position of the low liquid level transmitter.
• 8.8 Start the pump, remove a large amount of air, then raise the pressure to 1960 kPa.
• 8.9 Record the start time. Reset the timer to zero, and at six pressure levels (1960, 3920, 5880, 7840, 9800, 11760 kPa), operate for 10 min each, totaling 1 h (usually the heat generated by pump operation is sufficient, and the heater need not heat).
• 8.10 If noise is heard from the pump during operation, gradually tighten the end cover screws with a torque increment of 0.49 N·m to eliminate the noise. Record the final applied torque value and the final flow value of the pump (for oils with viscosity 32～43 mm²/s, typically approximately 11.5～17.2 N·m and 19～22 L/min).
• 8.11 When the temperature reaches the test conditions (usually already reached during stepwise pressure increase), and after completing the running-in time under pressure 11760 kPa, adjust the pump outlet pressure to 13720 kPa.
• 8.12 Given the motor overload protection current, temperature controller, and the positions of the upper and lower temperature and pressure limits, adjust the water valve on the bench so that the water "on" and "off" times are approximately equal.
• 8.13 Adjust the test system, reset the timer to zero, and start the test.
• 8.14 Continuously operate for 100 h under the determined conditions.

8.4 Test stop and parts inspection

• 8.15.1 100 h After the test is completed, reset the low-level set pointers of the pressure and temperature transmitters, stop the machine, and close the cooling water valve.
• 8.15.2 Inspect and record the surface condition of the test sample and the oil tank, noting whether there are deposits, discoloration, turbidity, and abnormal odor. Open the oil tank drain valve and the low-level valve to empty the test system.
• 8.15.3 Remove the pump end cover and carefully remove the entire pump cartridge. Inspect the pump cartridge parts for wear, deposits, discoloration, and other conditions, and record the inspection results.
• 8.15.4 Use solvent naphtha to clean and remove gum and deposits from the stator and vane set in the test pump cartridge, then rinse in petroleum ether and dry in air.
• 8.15.5 Weigh the mass of the stator and the vane set separately, to an accuracy of 1 mg, and record their masses and total mass.
• 8.15.6 Subtract the total mass after the test from the total mass before the test (stator plus 12 vanes). The resulting mass loss indicates the anti-wear level of the test sample (the individual losses of the stator and vanes may also be used for explanation).

9. Qualitative and quantitative and calculation formulas

• Expression of results: The total wear of the pump (mass loss of the stator and vanes in milligrams during the test) is used as the test result.
• Calculation: Subtract the total mass after the test from the total mass before the test (stator plus 12 vanes). The resulting mass loss indicates the anti-wear level of the test sample.
• Report the mass loss of the stator and 12 vanes (in milligrams).
• Formula form: not provided in the available source.

10. Precision

Judge the reliability of the test results according to the following provisions (95% confidence level).

• 9.1 Repeatability: For repeated tests by the same operator in the same laboratory on the same sample, if the difference between the two results is greater than the value listed in the table below, the results are suspect.
• 9.2 Reproducibility: For tests by different operators in different laboratories on the same sample, if the difference between the two results is greater than the value listed in the table below, the results are suspect.

Note: 1) Because the test results are insufficient, these values cannot be used as exact standards for test precision. This precision applies only to petroleum-based hydraulic oils; the precision for other types of hydraulic oils has not been determined.

(Note: The values in the above table are transcribed as in the original text source-text extraction. There is doubt regarding the order-of-magnitude relationship between the repeatability/reproducibility values and the average mass loss, requires confirmation against the source standard (source-text extraction).)

11. Report

• Report the mass loss of the stator and 12 vanes (in milligrams).
• Report any abnormal phenomena related to wear, scratching, deposits, rubber seals, etc.
• For the report format, see Appendix A (supplementary document): Vickers pump test bench record, including columns such as submitting unit, sample unit, sample viscosity 40 ℃ (mm²/s), pump cover torque (N·m), first time/second time, abnormal phenomena, time (h,min / cumulative h), pressure (kPa, pump inlet/pump outlet), temperature (℃, pump inlet/pump outlet/relief valve), flow rate (L/min), current (A), power (kW), remarks, test date, test number, pump number, pump cartridge serial number, pump part mass loss (mg, stator/vane/total mass loss), weigher, pump installer, test operator, etc.

12. Referenced documents

• GB 1922 Solvent naphtha
• GB 3405 Petroleum benzene
• ASTM D2882—1974 "Test method for petroleum-based hydraulic oil vane pumps" (referenced adoption)

13. Source and verification

This page is an AI translation of the available Chinese method card. Human verification is pending. It is not an official translation of the standard. Check the source standard and product certificate before use.

14. Quick reference for questions and answers